Import-PSSession
Imports commands from another session into the current session.
Syntax
Import-PSSession
[-Prefix <String>]
[-DisableNameChecking]
[[-CommandName] <String[]>]
[-AllowClobber]
[-ArgumentList <Object[]>]
[-CommandType <CommandTypes>]
[-Module <String[]>]
[-FullyQualifiedModule <ModuleSpecification[]>]
[[-FormatTypeName] <String[]>]
[-Certificate <X509Certificate2>]
[-Session] <PSSession>
[<CommonParameters>]Description
The Import-PSSession cmdlet imports commands , such as cmdlets, functions, and aliases, from a
PSSession on a local or remote computer into the current session. You can import any command that
the Get-Command cmdlet can find in the PSSession.
Use an Import-PSSession command to import commands from a customized shell, such as a Microsoft
Exchange Server shell, or from a session that includes Windows PowerShell modules and snap-ins or
other elements that are not in the current session.
To import commands, first use the New-PSSession cmdlet to create a PSSession. Then, use the
Import-PSSession cmdlet to import the commands. By default, Import-PSSession imports all
commands except for commands that have the same names as commands in the current session. To import
all the commands, use the AllowClobber parameter.
You can use imported commands just as you would use any command in the session. When you use an imported command, the imported part of the command runs implicitly in the session from which it was imported. However, the remote operations are handled entirely by Windows PowerShell. You need not even be aware of them, except that you must keep the connection to the other session (PSSession) open. If you close it, the imported commands are no longer available.
Because imported commands might take longer to run than local commands, Import-PSSession adds an
AsJob parameter to every imported command. This parameter allows you to run the command as a
Windows PowerShell background job. For more information, see
about_Jobs.
When you use Import-PSSession, Windows PowerShell adds the imported commands to a temporary module
that exists only in your session and returns an object that represents the module. To create a
persistent module that you can use in future sessions, use the Export-PSSession cmdlet.
The Import-PSSession cmdlet uses the implicit remoting feature of Windows PowerShell. When you
import commands into the current session, they run implicitly in the original session or in a
similar session on the originating computer.
Beginning in Windows PowerShell 3.0, you can use the Import-Module cmdlet to import modules from a
remote session into the current session. This feature uses implicit remoting. It is equivalent to
using Import-PSSession to import selected modules from a remote session into the current session.
Examples
Example 1: Import all commands from a PSSession
$S = New-PSSession -ComputerName Server01
Import-PSSession -Session $SThis command imports all commands from a PSSession on the Server01 computer into the current session, except for commands that have the same names as commands in the current session.
Because this command does not use the CommandName parameter, it also imports all of the formatting data required for the imported commands.
Example 2: Import commands that end with a specific string
$S = New-PSSession https://ps.testlabs.com/powershell
Import-PSSession -Session $S -CommandName *-test -FormatTypeName *
New-Test -Name Test1
Get-Test test1 | Run-TestThese commands import the commands with names that end in "-test" from a PSSession into the local session, and then they show how to use an imported cmdlet.
The first command uses the New-PSSession cmdlet to create a PSSession. It saves the PSSession in
the $S variable.
The second command uses the Import-PSSession cmdlet to import commands from the PSSession in $S
into the current session. It uses the CommandName parameter to specify commands with the Test
noun and the FormatTypeName parameter to import the formatting data for the Test commands.
The third and fourth commands use the imported commands in the current session. Because imported
commands are actually added to the current session, you use the local syntax to run them. You do not
need to use the Invoke-Command cmdlet to run an imported command.
Example 3: Import cmdlets from a PSSession
$S1 = New-PSSession -ComputerName s1
$S2 = New-PSSession -ComputerName s2
Import-PSSession -Session s1 -Type cmdlet -Name New-Test, Get-Test -FormatTypeName *
Import-PSSession -Session s2 -Type Cmdlet -Name Set-Test -FormatTypeName *
New-Test Test1 | Set-Test -RunType FullThis example shows that you can use imported cmdlets just as you would use local cmdlets.
These commands import the New-Test and Get-Test cmdlets from a PSSession on the Server01
computer and the Set-Test cmdlet from a PSSession on the Server02 computer.
Even though the cmdlets were imported from different PSSessions, you can pipe an object from one cmdlet to another without error.
Example 4: Run an imported command as a background job
$S = New-PSSession -ComputerName Server01
Import-PSSession -Session $S -CommandName *-test* -FormatTypeName *
$batch = New-Test -Name Batch -AsJob
Receive-Job $batchThis example shows how to run an imported command as a background job.
Because imported commands might take longer to run than local commands, Import-PSSession adds an
AsJob parameter to every imported command. The AsJob parameter lets you run the command as a
background job.
The first command creates a PSSession on the Server01 computer and saves the PSSession object in the
$S variable.
The second command uses Import-PSSession to import the Test cmdlets from the PSSession in $S
into the current session.
The third command uses the AsJob parameter of the imported New-Test cmdlet to run a New-Test
command as a background job. The command saves the job object that New-Test returns in the
$batch variable.
The fourth command uses the Receive-Job cmdlet to get the results of the job in the $batch
variable.
Example 5: Import cmdlets and functions from a Windows PowerShell module
$S = New-PSSession -ComputerName Server01
Invoke-Command -Session $S {Import-Module TestManagement}
Import-PSSession -Session $S -Module TestManagementThis example shows how to import the cmdlets and functions from a Windows PowerShell module on a remote computer into the current session.
The first command creates a PSSession on the Server01 computer and saves it in the $S variable.
The second command uses the Invoke-Command cmdlet to run an Import-Module command in the
PSSession in $S.
Typically, the module would be added to all sessions by an Import-Module command in a Windows
PowerShell profile, but profiles are not run in PSSessions.
The third command uses the Module parameter of Import-PSSession to import the cmdlets and
functions in the module into the current session.
Example 6: Create a module in a temporary file
PS C:\> Import-PSSession $S -CommandName Get-Date, SearchHelp -FormatTypeName * -AllowClobber
Name : tmp_79468106-4e1d-4d90-af97-1154f9317239_tcw1zunz.ttf
Path : C:\Users\User01\AppData\Local\Temp\tmp_79468106-4e1d-4d90-af97-1154f9317239_tcw1
zunz.ttf\tmp_79468106-4e1d-4d90-af97-1154f9317239_
tcw1zunz.ttf.psm1
Description : Implicit remoting for http://server01.corp.fabrikam.com/wsman
Guid : 79468106-4e1d-4d90-af97-1154f9317239
Version : 1.0
ModuleBase : C:\Users\User01\AppData\Local\Temp\tmp_79468106-4e1d-4d90-af97-1154f9317239_tcw1
zunz.ttf
ModuleType : Script
PrivateData : {ImplicitRemoting}
AccessMode : ReadWrite
ExportedAliases : {}
ExportedCmdlets : {}
ExportedFunctions : {[Get-Date, Get-Date], [SearchHelp, SearchHelp]}
ExportedVariables : {}
NestedModules : {}This example shows that Import-PSSession creates a module in a temporary file on disk. It also
shows that all commands are converted into functions before they are imported into the current
session.
The command uses the Import-PSSession cmdlet to import a Get-Date cmdlet and a SearchHelp
function into the current session.
The Import-PSSession cmdlet returns a PSModuleInfo object that represents the temporary
module. The value of the Path property shows that Import-PSSession created a script module
(.psm1) file in a temporary location. The ExportedFunctions property shows that the Get-Date
cmdlet and the SearchHelp function were both imported as functions.
Example 7: Run a command that is hidden by an imported command
PS C:\> Import-PSSession $S -CommandName Get-Date -FormatTypeName * -AllowClobber
PS C:\> Get-Command Get-Date -All
CommandType Name Definition
----------- ---- ----------
Function Get-Date ...
Cmdlet Get-Date Get-Date [[-Date] <DateTime>] [-Year <Int32>] [-Month <Int32>]
PS C:\> Get-Date
09074
PS C:\> (Get-Command -Type Cmdlet -Name Get-Date).PSSnapin.Name
Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility
PS C:\> Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility\Get-Date
Sunday, March 15, 2009 2:08:26 PMThis example shows how to run a command that is hidden by an imported command.
The first command imports a Get-Date cmdlet from the PSSession in the $S variable. Because the
current session includes a Get-Date cmdlet, the AllowClobber parameter is required in the
command.
The second command uses the All parameter of the Get-Command cmdlet to get all Get-Date
commands in the current session. The output shows that the session includes the original Get-Date
cmdlet and a Get-Date function. The Get-Date function runs the imported Get-Date cmdlet in the
PSSession in $S.
The third command runs a Get-Date command. Because functions take precedence over cmdlets, Windows
PowerShell runs the imported Get-Date function, which returns a Julian date.
The fourth and fifth commands show how to use a qualified name to run a command that is hidden by an imported command.
The fourth command gets the name of the Windows PowerShell snap-in that added the original
Get-Date cmdlet to the current session.
The fifth command uses the snap-in-qualified name of the Get-Date cmdlet to run a Get-Date
command.
For more information about command precedence and hidden commands, see about_Command_Precedence.
Example 8: Import commands that have a specific string in their names
PS C:\> Import-PSSession -Session $S -CommandName **Item** -AllowClobberThis command imports commands whose names include Item from the PSSession in $S. Because the
command includes the CommandName parameter but not the FormatTypeData parameter, only the
command is imported.
Use this command when you are using Import-PSSession to run a command on a remote computer and you
already have the formatting data for the command in the current session.
Example 9: Use the Module parameter to discover which commands were imported into the session
PS C:\> $M = Import-PSSession -Session $S -CommandName *bits* -FormatTypeName *bits*
PS C:\> Get-Command -Module $M
CommandType Name
----------- ----
Function Add-BitsFile
Function Complete-BitsTransfer
Function Get-BitsTransfer
Function Remove-BitsTransfer
Function Resume-BitsTransfer
Function Set-BitsTransfer
Function Start-BitsTransfer
Function Suspend-BitsTransferThis command shows how to use the Module parameter of Get-Command to find out which commands were
imported into the session by an Import-PSSession command.
The first command uses the Import-PSSession cmdlet to import commands whose names include "bits"
from the PSSession in the $S variable. The Import-PSSession command returns a temporary module,
and the command saves the module in the $m variable.
The second command uses the Get-Command cmdlet to get the commands that are exported by the module
in the $M variable.
The Module parameter takes a string value, which is designed for the module name. However, when you submit a module object, Windows PowerShell uses the ToString method on the module object, which returns the module name.
The Get-Command command is the equivalent of Get-Command $M.Name".
Parameters
-AllowClobber
Indicates that this cmdlet imports the specified commands, even if they have the same names as commands in the current session.
If you import a command with the same name as a command in the current session, the imported command hides or replaces the original commands. For more information, see about_Command_Precedence.
By default, Import-PSSession does not import commands that have the same name as commands in the
current session.
| Type: | SwitchParameter |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | False |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-ArgumentList
Specifies an array of commands that results from using the specified arguments (parameter values).
For instance, to import the variant of the Get-Item command in the certificate (Cert:) drive in
the PSSession in $S, type Import-PSSession -Session $S -Command Get-Item -ArgumentList cert:.
| Type: | Object[] |
| Aliases: | Args |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | False |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-Certificate
Specifies the client certificate that is used to sign the format files (*.Format.ps1xml) or script
module files (.psm1) in the temporary module that Import-PSSession creates.
Enter a variable that contains a certificate or a command or expression that gets the certificate.
To find a certificate, use the Get-PfxCertificate cmdlet or use the Get-ChildItem cmdlet in the
Certificate (Cert:) drive. If the certificate is not valid or does not have sufficient authority,
the command fails.
| Type: | X509Certificate2 |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | False |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-CommandName
Specifies commands with the specified names or name patterns. Wildcards are permitted. Use CommandName or its alias, Name.
By default, Import-PSSession imports all commands from the session, except for commands that have
the same names as commands in the current session. This prevents imported commands from hiding or
replacing commands in the session. To import all commands, even those that hide or replace other
commands, use the AllowClobber parameter.
If you use the CommandName parameter, the formatting files for the commands are not imported unless you use the FormatTypeName parameter. Similarly, if you use the FormatTypeName parameter, no commands are imported unless you use the CommandName parameter.
| Type: | String[] |
| Aliases: | Name |
| Position: | 2 |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | False |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-CommandType
Specifies the type of command objects. The default value is Cmdlet. Use CommandType or its alias, Type. The acceptable values for this parameter are:
Alias: The Windows PowerShell aliases in the remote session.All: The cmdlets and functions in the remote session.Application: All the files other than Windows-PowerShell files in the paths that are listed in the Path environment variable ($env:path) in the remote session, including .txt, .exe, and .dll files.Cmdlet: The cmdlets in the remote session. "Cmdlet" is the default.ExternalScript: The .ps1 files in the paths listed in the Path environment variable ($env:path) in the remote session.FilterandFunction: The Windows PowerShell functions in the remote session.Script: The script blocks in the remote session.
These values are defined as a flag-based enumeration. You can combine multiple values together to set multiple flags using this parameter. The values can be passed to the CommandType parameter as an array of values or as a comma-separated string of those values. The cmdlet will combine the values using a binary-OR operation. Passing values as an array is the simplest option and also allows you to use tab-completion on the values.
| Type: | CommandTypes |
| Aliases: | Type |
| Accepted values: | Alias, Function, Filter, Cmdlet, ExternalScript, Application, Script, Workflow, Configuration, All |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | False |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-DisableNameChecking
Indicates that this cmdlet suppresses the message that warns you when you import a cmdlet or function whose name includes an unapproved verb or a prohibited character.
By default, when a module that you import exports cmdlets or functions that have unapproved verbs in their names, the Windows PowerShell displays the following warning message:
"WARNING: Some imported command names include unapproved verbs which might make them less
discoverable. Use the Verbose parameter for more detail or type Get-Verb to see the list of
approved verbs."
This message is only a warning. The complete module is still imported, including the non-conforming commands. Although the message is displayed to module users, the naming problem should be fixed by the module author.
| Type: | SwitchParameter |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | False |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-FormatTypeName
Specifies formatting instructions for the specified Microsoft .NET Framework types. Enter the type names. Wildcards are permitted.
The value of this parameter must be the name of a type that is returned by a Get-FormatData
command in the session from which the commands are being imported. To get all of the formatting data
in the remote session, type *.
If the command does not include either the CommandName or FormatTypeName parameter,
Import-PSSession imports formatting instructions for all .NET Framework types returned by a
Get-FormatData command in the remote session.
If you use the FormatTypeName parameter, no commands are imported unless you use the CommandName parameter.
Similarly, if you use the CommandName parameter, the formatting files for the commands are not imported unless you use the FormatTypeName parameter.
| Type: | String[] |
| Position: | 3 |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | False |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-FullyQualifiedModule
The value can be a module name, a full module specification, or a path to a module file.
When the value is a path, the path can be fully qualified or relative. A relative path is resolved relative to the script that contains the using statement.
When the value is a name or module specification, PowerShell searches the PSModulePath for the specified module.
A module specification is a hashtable that has the following keys.
ModuleName- Required Specifies the module name.GUID- Optional Specifies the GUID of the module.- It's also Required to specify at least one of the three below keys.
ModuleVersion- Specifies a minimum acceptable version of the module.MaximumVersion- Specifies the maximum acceptable version of the module.RequiredVersion- Specifies an exact, required version of the module. This can't be used with the other Version keys.
You can't specify the FullyQualifiedModule parameter in the same command as a Module parameter. The two parameters are mutually exclusive.
| Type: | ModuleSpecification[] |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | False |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-Module
Specifies and array of commands in the Windows PowerShell snap-ins and modules. Enter the snap-in and module names. Wildcards are not permitted.
Import-PSSession cannot import providers from a snap-in.
For more information, see about_PSSnapins and about_Modules.
| Type: | String[] |
| Aliases: | PSSnapin |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | False |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-Prefix
Specifies a prefix to the nouns in the names of imported commands.
Use this parameter to avoid name conflicts that might occur when different commands in the session have the same name.
For instance, if you specify the prefix Remote and then import a Get-Date cmdlet, the cmdlet is
known in the session as Get-RemoteDate, and it is not confused with the original Get-Date
cmdlet.
| Type: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | False |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
-Session
Specifies the PSSession from which the cmdlets are imported. Enter a variable that contains a
session object or a command that gets a session object, such as a New-PSSession or Get-PSSession
command. You can specify only one session. This parameter is required.
| Type: | PSSession |
| Position: | 0 |
| Default value: | None |
| Required: | True |
| Accept pipeline input: | False |
| Accept wildcard characters: | False |
Inputs
None
You can't pipe objects to this cmdlet.
Outputs
This cmdlet returns the same module object that New-Module and Get-Module cmdlets return.
However, the imported module is temporary and exists only in the current session. To create a
permanent module on disk, use the Export-PSSession cmdlet.
Notes
Import-PSSessionrelies on the PowerShell remoting infrastructure. To use this cmdlet, the computer must be configured for WS-Management remoting. For more information, see about_Remote and about_Remote_Requirements.Import-PSSessiondoes not import variables or PowerShell providers.- When you import commands that have the same names as commands in the current session, the imported commands can hide aliases, functions, and cmdlets in the session and they can replace functions and variables in the session. To prevent name conflicts, use the Prefix parameter. For more information, see about_Command_Precedence.
Import-PSSessionconverts all commands into functions before it imports them. As a result, imported commands behave a bit differently than they would if they retained their original command type. For example, if you import a cmdlet from a PSSession and then import a cmdlet with the same name from a module or snap-in, the cmdlet that is imported from the PSSession always runs by default because functions take precedence over cmdlets. Conversely, if you import an alias into a session that has an alias with the same name, the original alias is always used, because aliases take precedence over functions. For more information, see about_Command_Precedence.Import-PSSessionuses theWrite-Progresscmdlet to display the progress of the command. You might see the progress bar while the command is running.- To find the commands to import,
Import-PSSessionuses theInvoke-Commandcmdlet to run aGet-Commandcommand in the PSSession. To get formatting data for the commands, it uses theGet-FormatDatacmdlet. You might see error messages from these cmdlets when you run anImport-PSSessioncommand. Also,Import-PSSessioncannot import commands from a PSSession that does not include theGet-Command,Get-FormatData,Select-Object, andGet-Helpcmdlets. - Imported commands have the same limitations as other remote commands, including the inability to start a program with a user interface, such as Notepad.
- Because Windows PowerShell profiles are not run in PSSessions, the commands that a profile adds to
a session are not available to
Import-PSSession. To import commands from a profile, use anInvoke-Commandcommand to run the profile in the PSSession manually before importing commands. - The temporary module that
Import-PSSessioncreates might include a formatting file, even if the command does not import formatting data. If the command does not import formatting data, any formatting files that are created will not contain formatting data. - To use
Import-PSSession, the execution policy in the current session cannot be Restricted or AllSigned, because the temporary module thatImport-PSSessioncreates contains unsigned script files that are prohibited by these policies. To useImport-PSSessionwithout changing the execution policy for the local computer, use the Scope parameter ofSet-ExecutionPolicyto set a less restrictive execution policy for a single process. - In Windows PowerShell 2.0, help topics for commands that are imported from another session do not include the prefix that you assign by using the Prefix parameter. To get help for an imported command in Windows PowerShell 2.0, use the original (non-prefixed) command name.
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