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Create UWP packages

  • Artikkeli

The Universal Windows Platform (UWP) provides a common app platform for every device that runs Windows 10. Within this model, UWP apps can call both the WinRT APIs that are common to all devices, and also APIs (including Win32 and .NET) that are specific to the device family on which the app is running.

In this walkthrough you create a NuGet package with a native UWP component (including a XAML control) that can be used in both Managed and Native projects.

Prerequisites

  1. Visual Studio 2017 or Visual Studio 2015. Install the 2017 Community edition for free from visualstudio.com; you can use the Professional and Enterprise editions as well.

  2. NuGet CLI. Download the latest version of nuget.exe from nuget.org/downloads, saving it to a location of your choice (the download is the .exe directly). Then add that location to your PATH environment variable if it isn't already.

Create a UWP Windows Runtime component

  1. In Visual Studio, choose File > New > Project, expand the Visual C++ > Windows > Universal node, select the Windows Runtime Component (Universal Windows) template, change the name to ImageEnhancer, and click OK. Accept the default values for Target Version and Minimum Version when prompted.

    Creating a new UWP Windows Runtime Component project

  2. Right click the project in Solution Explorer, select Add > New Item, click the Visual C++ > XAML node, select Templated Control, change the name to AwesomeImageControl.cpp, and click Add:

    Adding a new XAML Templated Control item to the project

  3. Right-click the project in Solution Explorer and select Properties. In the Properties page, expand Configuration Properties > C/C++ and click Output Files. In the pane on the right, change the value for Generate XML Documentation Files to Yes:

    Setting Generate XML Documentation Files to Yes

  4. Right click the solution now, select Batch Build, check the three Debug boxes in the dialog as shown below. This makes sure that when you do a build, you generate a full set of artifacts for each of the target systems that Windows supports.

    Batch Build

  5. In the Batch Build dialog, and click Build to verify the project and create the output files that you need for the NuGet package.

Note

In this walkthrough you use the Debug artifacts for the package. For non-debug package, check the Release options in the Batch Build dialog instead, and refer to the resulting Release folders in the steps that follow.

Create and update the .nuspec file

To create the initial .nuspec file, do the three steps below. The sections that follow then guide you through other necessary updates.

  1. Open a command prompt and navigate to the folder containing ImageEnhancer.vcxproj (this will be a subfolder below where the solution file is).

  2. Run the NuGet spec command to generate ImageEnhancer.nuspec (the name of the file is taken from the name of the .vcxproj file):

    nuget spec

  3. Open ImageEnhancer.nuspec in an editor and update it to match the following, replacing YOUR_NAME with an appropriate value. The <id> value, specifically, must be unique across nuget.org (see the naming conventions described in Creating a package). Also note that you must also update the author and description tags or you get an error during the packing step.

    <?xml version="1.0"?>
<package >
    <metadata>
    <id>ImageEnhancer.YOUR_NAME</id>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <title>ImageEnhancer</title>
    <authors>YOUR_NAME</authors>
    <owners>YOUR_NAME</owners>
    <requireLicenseAcceptance>false</requireLicenseAcceptance>
    <description>Awesome Image Enhancer</description>
    <releaseNotes>First release</releaseNotes>
    <copyright>Copyright 2016</copyright>
    <tags>image enhancer imageenhancer</tags>
    </metadata>
</package>

Note

For packages built for public consumption, pay special attention to the <tags> element, as these tags help others find your package and understand what it does.

Adding Windows metadata to the package

A Windows Runtime Component requires metadata that describes all of its publicly available types, which makes it possible for other apps and libraries to consume the component. This metadata is contained in a .winmd file, which is created when you compile the project and must be included in your NuGet package. An XML file with IntelliSense data is also built at the same time, and should be included as well.

Add the following <files> node to the .nuspec file:

<package>
    <metadata>
        ...
    </metadata>

    <files>
        <!-- WinMd and IntelliSense files -->
        <file src="..\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.winmd" target="lib\uap10.0"/>
        <file src="..\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.xml" target="lib\uap10.0"/>
    </files>
</package>

Adding XAML content

To include a XAML control with your component, you need to add the XAML file that has the default template for the control (as generated by the project template). This also goes in the <files> section:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<package >
    <metadata>
        ...
    </metadata>
    <files>
        ...

        <!-- XAML controls -->
        <file src="Themes\Generic.xaml" target="lib\uap10.0\Themes"/>

    </files>
</package>

Adding the native implementation libraries

Within your component, the core logic of the ImageEnhancer type is in native code, which is contained in the various ImageEnhancer.dll assemblies that are generated for each target runtime (ARM, x86, and x64). To include these in the package, reference them in the <files> section along with their associated .pri resource files:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<package >
    <metadata>
        ...
    </metadata>
    <files>
        ...

        <!-- DLLs and resources -->
        <file src="..\ARM\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.dll" target="runtimes\win10-arm\native"/>
        <file src="..\ARM\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.pri" target="runtimes\win10-arm\native"/>

        <file src="..\ARM64\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.dll" target="runtimes\win10-arm64\native"/>
        <file src="..\ARM64\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.pri" target="runtimes\win10-arm64\native"/>

        <file src="..\x64\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.dll" target="runtimes\win10-x64\native"/>
        <file src="..\x64\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.pri" target="runtimes\win10-x64\native"/>

        <file src="..\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.dll" target="runtimes\win10-x86\native"/>
        <file src="..\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.pri" target="runtimes\win10-x86\native"/>

    </files>
</package>

Adding .targets

Next, C++ and JavaScript projects that might consume your NuGet package need a .targets file to identify the necessary assembly and winmd files. (C# and Visual Basic projects do this automatically.) Create this file by copying the text below into ImageEnhancer.targets and save it in the same folder as the .nuspec file. Note: This .targets file needs to be the same name as the package ID (e.g. the <Id> element in the .nupspec file):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
    <PropertyGroup>
        <ImageEnhancer-Platform Condition="'$(Platform)' == 'Win32'">x86</ImageEnhancer-Platform>
        <ImageEnhancer-Platform Condition="'$(Platform)' != 'Win32'">$(Platform)</ImageEnhancer-Platform>
    </PropertyGroup>
    <ItemGroup Condition="'$(TargetPlatformIdentifier)' == 'UAP'">
        <Reference Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)..\..\lib\uap10.0\ImageEnhancer.winmd">
            <Implementation>ImageEnhancer.dll</Implementation>
        </Reference>
    <ReferenceCopyLocalPaths Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)..\..\runtimes\win10-$(ImageEnhancer-Platform)\native\ImageEnhancer.dll" />
    </ItemGroup>
</Project>

Then refer to ImageEnhancer.targets in your .nuspec file:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<package >
    <metadata>
        ...
    </metadata>
    <files>
        ...

        <!-- .targets -->
        <file src="ImageEnhancer.targets" target="build\native"/>

    </files>
</package>

Final .nuspec

Your final .nuspec file should now look like the following, where again YOUR_NAME should be replaced with an appropriate value:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<package >
    <metadata>
    <id>ImageEnhancer.YOUR_NAME</id>
    <version>1.0.0</version>
    <title>ImageEnhancer</title>
    <authors>YOUR_NAME</authors>
    <owners>YOUR_NAME</owners>
    <requireLicenseAcceptance>false</requireLicenseAcceptance>
    <description>Awesome Image Enhancer</description>
    <releaseNotes>First Release</releaseNotes>
    <copyright>Copyright 2016</copyright>
    <tags>image enhancer imageenhancer</tags>
    </metadata>
    <files>
    <!-- WinMd and IntelliSense -->
    <file src="..\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.winmd" target="lib\uap10.0"/>
    <file src="..\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.xml" target="lib\uap10.0"/>

    <!-- XAML controls -->
    <file src="Themes\Generic.xaml" target="lib\uap10.0\Themes"/>

    <!-- DLLs and resources -->
    <file src="..\ARM\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.dll" target="runtimes\win10-arm\native"/>
    <file src="..\ARM\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.pri" target="runtimes\win10-arm\native"/>
    <file src="..\ARM64\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.dll" target="runtimes\win10-arm64\native"/>
    <file src="..\ARM64\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.pri" target="runtimes\win10-arm64\native"/>     
    <file src="..\x64\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.dll" target="runtimes\win10-x64\native"/>
    <file src="..\x64\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.pri" target="runtimes\win10-x64\native"/>
    <file src="..\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.dll" target="runtimes\win10-x86\native"/>
    <file src="..\Debug\ImageEnhancer\ImageEnhancer.pri" target="runtimes\win10-x86\native"/>

    <!-- .targets -->
    <file src="ImageEnhancer.targets" target="build\native"/>

    </files>
</package>

Package the component

With the completed .nuspec referencing all the files you need to include in the package, you're ready to run the pack command:

nuget pack ImageEnhancer.nuspec

This generates ImageEnhancer.YOUR_NAME.1.0.0.nupkg. Opening this file in a tool like the NuGet Package Explorer and expanding all the nodes, you see the following contents:

NuGet Package Explorer showing the ImageEnhancer package

Tip

A .nupkg file is just a ZIP file with a different extension. You can also examine package contents, then, by changing .nupkg to .zip, but remember to restore the extension before uploading a package to nuget.org.

To make your package available to other developers, follow the instructions on Publish a package.