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Configure CollectionView item selection

  • Artikkeli

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The .NET Multi-platform App UI (.NET MAUI) CollectionView defines the following properties that control item selection:

  • SelectionMode, of type SelectionMode, the selection mode.
  • SelectedItem, of type object, the selected item in the list. This property has a default binding mode of TwoWay, and has a null value when no item is selected.
  • SelectedItems, of type IList<object>, the selected items in the list. This property has a default binding mode of OneWay, and has a null value when no items are selected.
  • SelectionChangedCommand, of type ICommand, which is executed when the selected item changes.
  • SelectionChangedCommandParameter, of type object, which is the parameter that's passed to the SelectionChangedCommand.

All of these properties are backed by BindableProperty objects, which means that the properties can be targets of data bindings.

By default, CollectionView selection is disabled. However, this behavior can be changed by setting the SelectionMode property value to one of the SelectionMode enumeration members:

  • None – indicates that items can't be selected. This is the default value.
  • Single – indicates that a single item can be selected, with the selected item being highlighted.
  • Multiple – indicates that multiple items can be selected, with the selected items being highlighted.

CollectionView defines a SelectionChanged event that is fired when the SelectedItem property changes, either due to the user selecting an item from the list, or when an application sets the property. In addition, this event is also fired when the SelectedItems property changes. The SelectionChangedEventArgs object that accompanies the SelectionChanged event has two properties, both of type IReadOnlyList<object>:

  • PreviousSelection – the list of items that were selected, before the selection changed.
  • CurrentSelection – the list of items that are selected, after the selection change.

In addition, CollectionView has a UpdateSelectedItems method that updates the SelectedItems property with a list of selected items, while only firing a single change notification.

Single selection

When the SelectionMode property is set to Single, a single item in the CollectionView can be selected. When an item is selected, the SelectedItem property is set to the value of the selected item. When this property changes, the SelectionChangedCommand is executed (with the value of the SelectionChangedCommandParameter being passed to the ICommand), and the SelectionChanged event fires.

The following XAML example shows a CollectionView that can respond to single item selection:

<CollectionView ItemsSource="{Binding Monkeys}"
                SelectionMode="Single"
                SelectionChanged="OnCollectionViewSelectionChanged">
    ...
</CollectionView>

The equivalent C# code is:

CollectionView collectionView = new CollectionView
{
    SelectionMode = SelectionMode.Single
};
collectionView.SetBinding(ItemsView.ItemsSourceProperty, "Monkeys");
collectionView.SelectionChanged += OnCollectionViewSelectionChanged;

In this code example, the OnCollectionViewSelectionChanged event handler is executed when the SelectionChanged event fires, with the event handler retrieving the previously selected item, and the current selected item:

void OnCollectionViewSelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
{
    string previous = (e.PreviousSelection.FirstOrDefault() as Monkey)?.Name;
    string current = (e.CurrentSelection.FirstOrDefault() as Monkey)?.Name;
    ...
}

Important

The SelectionChanged event can be fired by changes that occur as a result of changing the SelectionMode property.

The following screenshot shows single item selection in a CollectionView:

Screenshot of a CollectionView vertical list with single selection.

Multiple selection

When the SelectionMode property is set to Multiple, multiple items in the CollectionView can be selected. When items are selected, the SelectedItems property is set to the selected items. When this property changes, the SelectionChangedCommand is executed (with the value of the SelectionChangedCommandParameter being passed to the ICommand, and the SelectionChanged event fires.

The following XAML example shows a CollectionView that can respond to multiple item selection:

<CollectionView ItemsSource="{Binding Monkeys}"
                SelectionMode="Multiple"
                SelectionChanged="OnCollectionViewSelectionChanged">
    ...
</CollectionView>

The equivalent C# code is:

CollectionView collectionView = new CollectionView
{
    SelectionMode = SelectionMode.Multiple
};
collectionView.SetBinding(ItemsView.ItemsSourceProperty, "Monkeys");
collectionView.SelectionChanged += OnCollectionViewSelectionChanged;

In this code example, the OnCollectionViewSelectionChanged event handler is executed when the SelectionChanged event fires, with the event handler retrieving the previously selected items, and the current selected items:

void OnCollectionViewSelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
{
    var previous = e.PreviousSelection;
    var current = e.CurrentSelection;
    ...
}

Important

The SelectionChanged event can be fired by changes that occur as a result of changing the SelectionMode property.

The following screenshot shows multiple item selection in a CollectionView:

Screenshot of a CollectionView vertical list with multiple selection.

Single preselection

When the SelectionMode property is set to Single, a single item in the CollectionView can be preselected by setting the SelectedItem property to the item. The following XAML example shows a CollectionView that preselects a single item:

<CollectionView ItemsSource="{Binding Monkeys}"
                SelectionMode="Single"
                SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedMonkey}">
    ...
</CollectionView>

The equivalent C# code is:

CollectionView collectionView = new CollectionView
{
    SelectionMode = SelectionMode.Single
};
collectionView.SetBinding(ItemsView.ItemsSourceProperty, "Monkeys");
collectionView.SetBinding(SelectableItemsView.SelectedItemProperty, "SelectedMonkey");

Note

The SelectedItem property has a default binding mode of TwoWay.

The SelectedItem property data binds to the SelectedMonkey property of the connected view model, which is of type Monkey. By default, a TwoWay binding is used so that if the user changes the selected item, the value of the SelectedMonkey property is set to the selected Monkey object. The SelectedMonkey property is defined in the MonkeysViewModel class, and is set to the fourth item of the Monkeys collection:

public class MonkeysViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
    ...
    public ObservableCollection<Monkey> Monkeys { get; private set; }

    Monkey selectedMonkey;
    public Monkey SelectedMonkey
    {
        get
        {
            return selectedMonkey;
        }
        set
        {
            if (selectedMonkey != value)
            {
                selectedMonkey = value;
            }
        }
    }

    public MonkeysViewModel()
    {
        ...
        selectedMonkey = Monkeys.Skip(3).FirstOrDefault();
    }
    ...
}

Therefore, when the CollectionView appears, the fourth item in the list is preselected:

Screenshot of a CollectionView vertical list with single preselection.

Multiple preselection

When the SelectionMode property is set to Multiple, multiple items in the CollectionView can be preselected. The following XAML example shows a CollectionView that enables the preselection of multiple items:

<CollectionView x:Name="collectionView"
                ItemsSource="{Binding Monkeys}"
                SelectionMode="Multiple"
                SelectedItems="{Binding SelectedMonkeys}">
    ...
</CollectionView>

The equivalent C# code is:

CollectionView collectionView = new CollectionView
{
    SelectionMode = SelectionMode.Multiple
};
collectionView.SetBinding(ItemsView.ItemsSourceProperty, "Monkeys");
collectionView.SetBinding(SelectableItemsView.SelectedItemsProperty, "SelectedMonkeys");

Note

The SelectedItems property has a default binding mode of OneWay.

The SelectedItems property data binds to the SelectedMonkeys property of the connected view model, which is of type ObservableCollection<object>. The SelectedMonkeys property is defined in the MonkeysViewModel class, and is set to the second, fourth, and fifth items in the Monkeys collection:

namespace CollectionViewDemos.ViewModels
{
    public class MonkeysViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
    {
        ...
        ObservableCollection<object> selectedMonkeys;
        public ObservableCollection<object> SelectedMonkeys
        {
            get
            {
                return selectedMonkeys;
            }
            set
            {
                if (selectedMonkeys != value)
                {
                    selectedMonkeys = value;
                }
            }
        }

        public MonkeysViewModel()
        {
            ...
            SelectedMonkeys = new ObservableCollection<object>()
            {
                Monkeys[1], Monkeys[3], Monkeys[4]
            };
        }
        ...
    }
}

Therefore, when the CollectionView appears, the second, fourth, and fifth items in the list are preselected:

Screenshot of a CollectionView vertical list with multiple preselection.

Clear selections

The SelectedItem and SelectedItems properties can be cleared by setting them, or the objects they bind to, to null. When either of these properties are cleared, the SelectionChanged event is raised with an empty CurrentSelection property, and the SelectionChangedCommand is executed.

Handle reselection

A common scenario is that users will select an item in the CollectionView and then navigate to another page. When they navigate back the item is still selected, which will result in them being unable to reselect the given item. To enable reselection you should clear the item selection on the CollectionView:

<CollectionView ...
                SelectionChanged="OnCollectionViewSelectionChanged" />

The equivalent C# code is:

CollectionView collectionView = new CollectionView();
collectionView.SelectionChanged += OnCollectionViewSelectionChanged;

The following example shows the event handler code for the SelectionChanged event:

void OnCollectionViewSelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
{
    var cv = (CollectionView)sender;
    if (cv.SelectedItem == null)
        return;

    cv.SelectedItem = null;
}

Change selected item color

CollectionView has a Selected VisualState that can be used to initiate a visual change to the selected item in the CollectionView. A common use case for this VisualState is to change the background color of the selected item, which is shown in the following XAML example:

<ContentPage ...>
    <ContentPage.Resources>
        <Style TargetType="Grid">
            <Setter Property="VisualStateManager.VisualStateGroups">
                <VisualStateGroupList>
                    <VisualStateGroup x:Name="CommonStates">
                        <VisualState x:Name="Normal" />
                        <VisualState x:Name="Selected">
                            <VisualState.Setters>
                                <Setter Property="BackgroundColor"
                                        Value="LightSkyBlue" />
                            </VisualState.Setters>
                        </VisualState>
                    </VisualStateGroup>
                </VisualStateGroupList>
            </Setter>
        </Style>
    </ContentPage.Resources>
    <Grid Margin="20">
        <CollectionView ItemsSource="{Binding Monkeys}"
                        SelectionMode="Single">
            <CollectionView.ItemTemplate>
                <DataTemplate>
                    <Grid Padding="10">
                        ...
                    </Grid>
                </DataTemplate>
            </CollectionView.ItemTemplate>
        </CollectionView>
    </Grid>
</ContentPage>

Important

The Style that contains the Selected VisualState must have a TargetType property value that's the type of the root element of the DataTemplate, which is set as the ItemTemplate property value.

The equivalent C# code for the style containing the visual state is:

using static Microsoft.Maui.Controls.VisualStateManager;
...

Setter backgroundColorSetter = new() { Property = BackgroundColorProperty, Value = Colors.LightSkyBlue };
VisualState stateSelected = new() { Name = CommonStates.Selected, Setters = { backgroundColorSetter } };
VisualState stateNormal = new() { Name = CommonStates.Normal };
VisualStateGroup visualStateGroup = new() { Name = nameof(CommonStates), States = { stateSelected, stateNormal } };
VisualStateGroupList visualStateGroupList = new() { visualStateGroup };
Setter vsgSetter = new() { Property = VisualStateGroupsProperty, Value = visualStateGroupList };
Style style = new(typeof(Grid)) { Setters = { vsgSetter } };

// Add the style to the resource dictionary
Resources.Add(style);

In this example, the Style.TargetType property value is set to Grid because the root element of the ItemTemplate is a Grid. The Selected VisualState specifies that when an item in the CollectionView is selected, the BackgroundColor of the item is set to LightSkyBlue:

Screenshot of a CollectionView vertical list with a custom single selection color.

For more information about visual states, see Visual states.

Disable selection

CollectionView selection is disabled by default. However, if a CollectionView has selection enabled, it can be disabled by setting the SelectionMode property to None:

<CollectionView ...
                SelectionMode="None" />

The equivalent C# code is:

CollectionView collectionView = new CollectionView
{
    ...
    SelectionMode = SelectionMode.None
};

When the SelectionMode property is set to None, items in the CollectionView can't be selected, the SelectedItem property remains null, and the SelectionChanged event isn't fired.

Note

When an item has been selected and the SelectionMode property is changed from Single to None, the SelectedItem property will be set to null and the SelectionChanged event will be fired with an empty CurrentSelection property.