Programa C de ejemplo: eliminación de certificados de un almacén de certificados
En el ejemplo siguiente se enumeran los certificados de un almacén de certificados del sistema, que muestra el nombre del firmante de cada certificado y permite al usuario elegir eliminar los certificados del almacén. En el ejemplo se obtiene el nombre del almacén de certificados del usuario y, por tanto, se puede usar para mantener el contenido de cualquier almacén de certificados del sistema.
En este ejemplo se muestran las siguientes tareas y funciones CryptoAPI :
- Apertura de un almacén de certificados del sistema mediante CertOpenSystemStore.
- Enumeración de los certificados en un almacén de certificados mediante CertEnumCertificatesInStore.
- Obtener el nombre del firmante de un certificado mediante CertGetNameString.
- Comparar el nombre del firmante del certificado con el nombre del emisor del certificado mediante CertCompareCertificateName.
- Comprobar si la clave pública del certificado actual coincide con la clave pública de un certificado anterior mediante CertComparePublicKeyInfo.
- Duplicar un puntero a un contexto de certificado mediante CertDuplicateCertificateContext.
- Comparar los miembros CERT_INFO de cada certificado mediante CertCompareCertificate.
- Eliminar un certificado de un almacén mediante CertDeleteCertificateFromStore.
- Cierre de un almacén de certificados mediante CertCloseStore.
En este ejemplo se obtiene el nombre de un almacén de certificados del sistema del usuario, se abre ese almacén y se recorren los certificados de ese almacén. Para cada certificado, se muestra el nombre del asunto del certificado y el usuario tiene la opción de eliminar ese certificado.
#pragma comment(lib, "crypt32.lib")
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <Wincrypt.h>
#define MY_ENCODING_TYPE (PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING | X509_ASN_ENCODING)
void MyHandleError(char *s);
void main(void)
{
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright (C) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
// Declare and initialize variables.
HANDLE hStoreHandle;
PCCERT_CONTEXT pCertContext=NULL;
PCCERT_CONTEXT pDupCertContext;
PCERT_PUBLIC_KEY_INFO pOldPubKey = NULL;
PCERT_PUBLIC_KEY_INFO pNewPubKey;
char pszStoreName[256];
char pszNameString[256];
char fResponse ='n';
char x;
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Get the name of the certificate store to open.
printf("This program maintains the contents of a certificate\n");
printf("store by allowing you to delete any excess certificates\n");
printf("from a store. \n\n");
printf("Please enter the name of the system store to maintain:");
fgets(pszStoreName, 255, stdin);
if (pszStoreName[strlen(pszStoreName) - 1] =='\n')
pszStoreName[strlen(pszStoreName) - 1] = '\0';
printf("Certificates will be deleted from "
"the %s store.\n",pszStoreName);
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Open a system certificate store.
if ( hStoreHandle = CertOpenSystemStore(
NULL,
pszStoreName))
{
printf("The %s store has been opened. \n", pszStoreName);
}
else
{
MyHandleError("The store was not opened.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Find the certificates in the system store.
while(pCertContext= CertEnumCertificatesInStore(
hStoreHandle,
pCertContext)) // on the first call to the function,
// this parameter is NULL
// on all subsequent
// calls, it is the last pointer returned by
// the function
{
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Get and display the name of the subject of the certificate.
if(CertGetNameString(
pCertContext,
CERT_NAME_SIMPLE_DISPLAY_TYPE,
0,
NULL,
pszNameString,
128))
{
printf("\nCertificate for %s \n",pszNameString);
}
else
{
MyHandleError("CertGetName failed.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Check to determine whether the issuer
// and the subject are the same.
if(CertCompareCertificateName(
MY_ENCODING_TYPE,
&(pCertContext->pCertInfo->Issuer),
&(pCertContext->pCertInfo->Subject)))
{
printf("The certificate subject and issuer are the same.\n");
}
else
{
printf("The certificate subject and issuer "
"are not the same.\n");
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------
// Determine whether this certificate's public key matches
// the public key of the last certificate.
pNewPubKey = &(pCertContext->pCertInfo->SubjectPublicKeyInfo);
if(pOldPubKey)
if(CertComparePublicKeyInfo(
MY_ENCODING_TYPE,
pOldPubKey,
pNewPubKey))
{
printf("The public keys are the same.\n");
}
else
{
printf("This certificate has a different public key.\n");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Reset the old key.
pOldPubKey = pNewPubKey;
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Determine whether this certificate is to be deleted.
printf("Would you like to delete this certificate? (y/n) ");
fResponse = getchar();
if(fResponse == 'y')
{
//----------------------------------------------------------------
// Create a duplicate pointer to the certificate to be
// deleted. In this way, the original pointer is not freed
// when the certificate is deleted from the store
// and the enumeration of the certificates in the store can
// continue. If the original pointer is used, after the
// certificate is deleted, the enumeration loop stops.
if(pDupCertContext = CertDuplicateCertificateContext(
pCertContext))
{
printf("A duplicate pointer was created. Continue. \n");
}
else
{
MyHandleError("Duplication of the certificate "
"pointer failed.");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Compare the pCertInfo members of the two certificates
// to determine whether they are identical.
if(CertCompareCertificate(
X509_ASN_ENCODING,
pDupCertContext->pCertInfo,
pCertContext->pCertInfo))
{
printf("The two certificates are identical. \n");
}
else
{
printf("The two certificates are not identical. \n");
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Delete the certificate.
if(CertDeleteCertificateFromStore(
pDupCertContext))
{
printf("The certificate has been deleted. Continue. \n");
}
else
{
printf("The deletion of the certificate failed.\n");
}
} // end if
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Clear the input buffer.
x = getchar();
} // end while
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// Clean up.
CertCloseStore(
hStoreHandle,
0);
printf("The program ran to completion successfully. \n");
} // end main
//-------------------------------------------------------------------
// This example uses the function MyHandleError, a simple error
// handling function to print an error message and exit
// the program.
// For most applications, replace this function with one
// that does more extensive error reporting.
void MyHandleError(char *s)
{
fprintf(stderr,"An error occurred in running the program. \n");
fprintf(stderr,"%s\n",s);
fprintf(stderr, "Error number %x.\n", GetLastError());
fprintf(stderr, "Program terminating. \n");
exit(1);
} // end MyHandleError