Working with DVD Text Strings

Microsoft DirectShow 9.0

Working with DVD Text Strings

DVD discs, especially karaoke discs, might contain a database of text information to supplement the video or audio content. Such text on karaoke discs might include song titles, artist names, record labels, and so on. Versions of this text can be present in more than one language. These strings are optional; discs are not required to have them. If present they are organized in a way that closely mirrors the logical hierarchy of the DVD volume. Each string is preceded by a number that identifies what part of the disc structure it belongs to or gives some clue as to the content of the string.

There are two basic types of text strings: structure identifiers and content strings. Types with a value of 0x01 through 0x20 are structure identifiers. They are empty strings; the numerical code is used to identify the logical structure to which any following content strings belong. This structure corresponds very closely to the logical structure of a DVD disc contents: volume, title, chapter, and so on. The remaining types identify content strings that hold information that may be displayed to the viewer in a user interface. The exact way in which content strings are used is not closely defined, so DVD authors might use them in various ways.

Historically, DVD text strings have been used almost exclusively on karaoke discs, and these discs mostly use the 0x01 and 0x02 structure identifiers and the 0x30 type content string. But it is reasonable to assume that as time goes by, (1) more types of DVD-Video discs will contain text strings and (2) these strings will be organized in more complex ways in order to provide fuller descriptions of disc contents.

The following code shows how to determine the number of text string language blocks on the disc, and retrieve the human-readable string(s) that could be shown to the user to allow them to choose the language they are interested in. In this code the strings are added to an HTML SELECT element called "TextLanguageList." For more information on LCIDs and primary language IDs, see GetLangFromLangID

  function GetTextLanguages()
  {
    //get the number of text blocks
    var numLangs = DVD.GetDVDTextNumberOfLanguages(); 
      var iLCID;
      var iPrimaryLang;
      var sLanguage;
      var oOption;

    for (j = 0; j < numLangs; j++)
    {
    //get the locale identifier for the language block
        iLCID = DVD.GetDVDTextLanguageLCID(j);
    
    //get the primary language ID from the LCID
        iPrimaryLang = iLCID & 0x3FF;
    
    //get the human-readable string from the primary language ID
        sLanguage = DVD.GetLangFromLangID(iPrimaryLang);
    
    //add it to the SELECT element on the HTML page
        oOption = document.createElement("OPTION");
        oOption.text = sLanguage;
        document.all.TextLanguageList.add(oOption);
    } 
    
  } //end function GetTextStrings

The following test code demonstrates how to enumerate the strings and examine the text string type. It just dumps the results into an HTML TEXTAREA element called "myTextArea" so you can see how the numeric string types are used to organize the content strings. A real application would probably create its own data structure to hold the strings, or else would display them in a more useful way for the viewer.

  // iLanguage is the 0-based index for the language block
   function GetTextStrings(iLanguage)
   {
    
      var numStrings, stringType, j; 

      numStrings = DVD.GetDVDTextNumberOfStrings(iLanguage);
    
      for( j = 0; j < numStrings; j++)
      {
        stringType = DVD.GetDVDTextStringType(iLanguage, j);

        if(stringType > 0x20) //there is actually some text to read here
        {
          myTextArea.value += (stringType + ": " + DVD.GetDVDTextString(iLanguage, j) + "\n");
        }
        else // It's a node indicating what level of the volume structure
            // the following strings will apply to
        {
          myTextArea.value += (stringType + "\n");
        }
            
      }
    } //end function GetTextStrings

DVD Text String Types

This table lists a subset of the DVD text string types. All types with a value 0x20 and below are empty strings that merely indicate the node level in the disc's content data structure. The other strings are content strings. Most title and song names are type 0x30. The types in the Title, SubTitle and Original categories help to further identify the particular genre. The exact meaning and intended use of these categories is defined in a public document that can be downloaded from the DVD Forum's Web site.

Structure Identifiers

Volume	0x01	Indicates that the strings that follow pertain to the DVD volume.
Title	0x02	Indicates that the strings that follow pertain to a title.
ParentalID	0x03	Indicates that the strings that follow pertain to a particular parental ID.
Chapter	0x04	Indicates that the strings that follow pertain to a chapter.
Cell	0x05	Indicates that the strings that follow pertain to a cell (typically consisting of one scene from a movie).

Stream Identifiers

Audio	0x10	Indicates that the strings that follow pertain to an audio stream.
Subpicture	0x11	Indicates that the strings that follow pertain to a subpicture stream.
Angle	0x12	Indicates that the strings that follow pertain to an angle block.

Audio Channel Identifiers

Channel

0x20

Indicates that the strings that follow pertain to one channel in an audio stream.

General Content Strings

Name	0x30	The most common identifer for title names, chapter names, song names, and so on
Comments	0x31	General comments about the title, chapter, song, and so on

Title Content Strings

Series	0x38	Additional information about the title, chapter, song, and so on
Movie	0x39	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is a movie.
Video	0x3a	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is a video.
Album	0x3b	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is an album.
Song	0x3c	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is a song.
Other	0x3f	Additional information about the title or chapter if this belongs to some other genre or category.

Secondary Title Content Strings

Series	0x40	Additional information about the title, chapter, song, and so on
Movie	0x41	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is a movie.
Video	0x42	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is a video.
Album	0x43	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is an album.
Song	0x44	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is a song.
Other	0x45	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is this belongs to some other genre or category.

Original Content Strings

Series	0x48	Additional information about the title, chapter, song, and so on
Movie	0x49	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is a movie.
Video	0x4a	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is a video.
Album	0x4b	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is an album.
Song	0x4c	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is a song.
Other	0x4f	Additional information about the title or chapter if this is this belongs to some other genre or category.

Other Info Content Strings

Other Scene	0x50	Additional information about an alternate scene in a movie title or chapter.
Other Cut	0x51	Additional information about an alternate cut in a movie title or chapter.
Other Take	0x52	Additional information about an alternate take in a movie title or chapter.