XAudio2 Callbacks
XAudio2 can call functions provided by the client to notify it asynchronously of certain events taking place in the audio processing thread. These callbacks can be global or specific to a given source voice. To receive global engine callbacks, the client must provide an instance of a class implementing the IXAudio2EngineCallback interface when initializing XAudio2. To receive source voice callbacks, the client must provide an instance of a class implementing the IXAudio2VoiceCallback interface when creating source voices. For more details, see IXAudio2EngineCallback and IXAudio2VoiceCallback.
You must implement callbacks carefully to avoid causing breaks in the audio. Whenever a callback is running, XAudio2 cannot generate any audio. Delays of more than a few milliseconds can cause an audio problem. Delays of this nature also generate debugger output. This indicates potential performance issues. At a minimum, callback functions must not do the following:
- Access the hard disk or other permanent storage
- Make expensive or blocking API calls
- Synchronize with other parts of client code
- Require significant CPU usage
If the client design requires a callback to trigger actions such as those listed previously, the callback should signal a different client thread to do the work. You can do this with a simple SetEvent mechanism or more sophisticated mechanisms like a nonblocking command queue that is consumed by another thread.
IXAudio2EngineCallback
The IXAudio2EngineCallback class contains methods that notify the client when certain events happen in the XAudio2 engine. These methods should be implemented by the XAudio2 client. XAudio2 calls these methods by means of an interface pointer provided by the client using the IXAudio2::RegisterForCallbacks method. All these methods return void, rather than an HRESULT.
IXAudio2VoiceCallback
The IXAudio2VoiceCallback class contains methods that notify the client when certain events happen in a specific XAudio2 source voice. XAudio2 calls these methods by means of an interface pointer provided by the client in IXAudio2::CreateSourceVoice. As with IXAudio2EngineCallback, these methods should be implemented by the XAudio2 client, and return void rather than an HRESULT.
As mentioned previously, it is crucial that the client-provided implementations of these callbacks return as quickly as possible, preferably within a millisecond. The callbacks are executed in the audio processing thread, and all processing is interrupted until the callback returns. A delay in a callback can easily cause an audio problem.
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