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Retrieving and Changing File Attributes

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An application can retrieve the file attributes by using the GetFileAttributes or GetFileAttributesEx function. The CreateFile and SetFileAttributes functions can set many of the attributes. However, applications cannot set all attributes.

The code example in this topic uses the CopyFile function to copy all text files (.txt) in the current directory to a new directory of read-only files. Files in the new directory are changed to read only, if necessary.

The application creates the directory specified as a parameter by using the CreateDirectory function. The directory must not exist already.

The application searches the current directory for all text files by using the FindFirstFile and FindNextFile functions. Each text file is copied to the \TextRO directory. After a file is copied, the GetFileAttributes function determines whether or not a file is read only. If the file is not read only, the application changes directories to \TextRO and converts the copied file to read only by using the SetFileAttributes function.

After all text files in the current directory are copied, the application closes the search handle by using the FindClose function.

#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <strsafe.h>

void _tmain(int argc, TCHAR* argv[])
{
   WIN32_FIND_DATA FileData;
   HANDLE          hSearch;
   DWORD           dwAttrs;
   TCHAR           szNewPath[MAX_PATH];   
 
   BOOL            fFinished = FALSE; 

   if(argc != 2)
   {
      _tprintf(TEXT("Usage: %s <dir>\n"), argv[0]);
      return;
   }
 
// Create a new directory. 
 
   if (!CreateDirectory(argv[1], NULL)) 
   { 
      printf("CreateDirectory failed (%d)\n", GetLastError()); 
      return;
   } 
 
// Start searching for text files in the current directory. 
 
   hSearch = FindFirstFile(TEXT("*.txt"), &FileData); 
   if (hSearch == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) 
   { 
      printf("No text files found.\n"); 
      return;
   } 
 
// Copy each .TXT file to the new directory 
// and change it to read only, if not already. 
 
   while (!fFinished) 
   { 
      StringCchPrintf(szNewPath, sizeof(szNewPath)/sizeof(szNewPath[0]), TEXT("%s\\%s"), argv[1], FileData.cFileName);

      if (CopyFile(FileData.cFileName, szNewPath, FALSE))
      { 
         dwAttrs = GetFileAttributes(FileData.cFileName); 
         if (dwAttrs==INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) return; 

         if (!(dwAttrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) 
         { 
            SetFileAttributes(szNewPath, 
                dwAttrs | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY); 
         } 
      } 
      else 
      { 
         printf("Could not copy file.\n"); 
         return;
      } 
 
      if (!FindNextFile(hSearch, &FileData)) 
      {
         if (GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES) 
         { 
            _tprintf(TEXT("Copied *.txt to %s\n"), argv[1]); 
            fFinished = TRUE; 
         } 
         else 
         { 
            printf("Could not find next file.\n"); 
            return;
         } 
      }
   } 
 
// Close the search handle. 
 
   FindClose(hSearch);
}

File Attribute Constants

File Names, Paths, and Namespaces