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CompareStringA function (winnls.h)

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Compares two character strings, for a locale specified by identifier.

Caution  Using CompareString incorrectly can compromise the security of your application. Strings that are not compared correctly can produce invalid input. For example, the function can raise security issues when used for a non-linguistic comparison, because two strings that are distinct in their binary representation can be linguistically equivalent. The application should test strings for validity before using them, and should provide error handlers. For more information, see Security Considerations: International Features.
 
Note  For compatibility with Unicode, your applications should prefer CompareStringEx or the Unicode version of CompareString. Another reason for preferring CompareStringEx is that Microsoft is migrating toward the use of locale names instead of locale identifiers for new locales, for interoperability reasons. Any application that will be run only on Windows Vista and later should use CompareStringEx.
 

Syntax

int CompareStringA(
  [in] LCID   Locale,
  [in] DWORD  dwCmpFlags,
  [in] PCNZCH lpString1,
  [in] int    cchCount1,
  [in] PCNZCH lpString2,
  [in] int    cchCount2
);

Parameters

[in] Locale

Locale identifier of the locale used for the comparison. You can use the MAKELCID macro to create a locale identifier or use one of the following predefined values.

[in] dwCmpFlags

Flags that indicate how the function compares the two strings. For detailed definitions, see the dwCmpFlags parameter of CompareStringEx.

[in] lpString1

Pointer to the first string to compare.

[in] cchCount1

Length of the string indicated by lpString1, excluding the terminating null character. This value represents bytes for the ANSI version of the function and wide characters for the Unicode version. The application can supply a negative value if the string is null-terminated. In this case, the function determines the length automatically.

[in] lpString2

Pointer to the second string to compare.

[in] cchCount2

Length of the string indicated by lpString2, excluding the terminating null character. This value represents bytes for the ANSI version of the function and wide characters for the Unicode version. The application can supply a negative value if the string is null-terminated. In this case, the function determines the length automatically.

Return value

Returns the values described for CompareStringEx.

Remarks

See Remarks for CompareStringEx.

If your application is calling the ANSI version of CompareString, the function converts parameters via the default code page of the supplied locale. Thus, an application can never use CompareString to handle UTF-8 text.

Normally, for case-insensitive comparisons, CompareString maps the lowercase "i" to the uppercase "I", even when the locale is Turkish or Azerbaijani. The NORM_LINGUISTIC_CASING flag overrides this behavior for Turkish or Azerbaijani. If this flag is specified in conjunction with Turkish or Azerbaijani, LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS I (U+0131) is the lowercase form of LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I (U+0049) and LATIN SMALL LETTER I (U+0069) is the lowercase form of LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DOT ABOVE (U+0130).

Starting with Windows 8: The ANSI version of the function is declared in Winnls.h, and the Unicode version is declared in Stringapiset.h. Before Windows 8, both versions were declared in Winnls.h.

Note

The winnls.h header defines CompareString as an alias which automatically selects the ANSI or Unicode version of this function based on the definition of the UNICODE preprocessor constant. Mixing usage of the encoding-neutral alias with code that not encoding-neutral can lead to mismatches that result in compilation or runtime errors. For more information, see Conventions for Function Prototypes.

Requirements

Requirement Value
Minimum supported client Windows 2000 Professional [desktop apps only]
Minimum supported server Windows 2000 Server [desktop apps only]
Target Platform Windows
Header winnls.h (include Windows.h)
Library Kernel32.lib
DLL Kernel32.dll

See also

CompareStringEx

Handling Sorting in Your Applications

National Language Support

National Language Support Functions

Security Considerations: International Features

Using Unicode Normalization to Represent Strings