Integration Services (SSIS) Parameters
Integration Services (SSIS) parameters allow you to assign values to properties within packages at the time of package execution. You can create project parameters at the project level and package parameters at the package level. Project parameters are used to supply any external input the project receives to one or more packages in the project. Package parameters allow you to modify package execution without having to edit and redeploy the package.
In SQL Server Data Tools you create, modify, or delete project parameters by using the Project.params window. You create, modify, and delete package parameters by using the Parameters tab in the SSIS Designer. You associate a new or an existing parameter with a task property by using the Parameterize dialog box. For more about using the Project.params window and the Parameters tab, see Create Parameters. For more information about the Parameterize dialog box, see Parameterize Dialog Box.
Parameters and Package Deployment Model
In general, if you are deploying a package using the package deployment model, you should use configurations instead of parameters.
When you deploy a package that contains parameters using the package deployment model and then execute the package, the parameters are not called during execution. If the package contains package parameters and expressions within the package use the parameters, the resulting values are applied at runtime. If the package contains project parameters, the package execution may fail.
Parameters and Project Deployment Model
When you deploy a project to the Integration Services server, you use views, stored procedures, and the SQL Server Management Studio UI to manage project and package parameters. For more information, see the following topics.
Parameter Values
You can assign up to three different types of values to a parameter. When a package execution is started, a single value is used for the parameter, and the parameter is resolved to its final literal value.
The following table lists the types of values.
| Value Name | Description | Type of value |
|---|---|---|
| Execution Value | The value that is assigned to a specific instance of package execution. This assignment overrides all other values, but applies to only a single instance of package execution. | Literal |
| Server Value | The value assigned to the parameter within the scope of the project, after the project is deployed to the Integration Services server. This value overrides the design default. | Literal or Environment Variable Reference |
| Design Value | The value assigned to the parameter when the project is created or edited in SQL Server Data Tools. This value persists with the project. | Literal |
You can use a single parameter to assign a value to multiple package properties. A single package property can be assigned a value only from a single parameter.
Executions and Parameter Values
The execution is an object that represents a single instance of package execution. When you create an execution, you specify all of the details necessary to run a package such as execution parameter values. You can also modify the parameters values for existing executions.
When you explicitly set an execution parameter value, the value is applicable only to that particular instance of execution. The execution value is used instead of a server value or a design value. If you do not explicitly set an execution value, and a server value has been specified, the server value is used.
When a parameter is marked as required, a server value or execution value must be specified for that parameter. Otherwise, the corresponding package does not execute. Although the parameter has a default value at design time, it will never be used once the project is deployed.
Environment Variables
If a parameter references an environment variable, the literal value from that variable is resolved through the specified environment reference and applied to the parameter. The final literal parameter value that is used for package execution is referred to as the execution parameter value. You specify the environment reference for an execution by using the Execute dialog box
If a project parameter references an environment variable and the literal value from the variable cannot be resolved at execution, the design value is used. The server value is not used.
To view the environment variables that are assigned to parameter values, query the catalog.object_parameters view. For more information, see catalog.object_parameters (SSISDB Database).
Determining Execution Parameter Values
The following Transact-SQL views and stored procedure can be used to display and set parameter values.
catalog.execution_parameter_values (SSISDB Database)(view)
Shows the actual parameter values that will be used by a specific execution
catalog.get_parameter_values (SSISDB Database) (stored procedure)
Resolves and shows the actual values for the specified package and environment reference
catalog.object_parameters (SSISDB Database) (view)
Displays the parameters and properties for all packages and projects in the Integration Services catalog, including the design default and server default values.
catalog.set_execution_parameter_value (SSISDB Database)
Sets the value of a parameter for an instance of execution in the Integration Services catalog.
You can also use the Execute Package dialog box in SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT) modify the parameter value. For more information, see Execute Package Dialog Box.
You can also use the dtexec /Parameter option to modify a parameter value. For more information, see dtexec Utility.
Parameter Validation
If parameter values cannot be resolved, the corresponding package execution will fail. To help avoid failures, you can validate projects and packages by using the Validate dialog box in SQL Server Data Tools (SSDT). Validation allows you to confirm that all parameters have the necessary values or can resolve the necessary values with specific environment references. Validation also checks for other common package issues.
For more information, see Validate Dialog Box.
Parameter Example
This example describes a parameter named pkgOptions that is used to specify options for the package in which it resides.
During design time, when the parameter was created in SQL Server Data Tools, a default value of 1 was assigned to the parameter. This default value is referred to as the design default. If the project was deployed to the SSISDB catalog and no other values were assigned to this parameter, the package property corresponding to the pkgOptions parameter would be assigned the value of 1 during package execution. The design default persists with the project throughout its life cycle.
While preparing a specific instance of package execution, a value of 5 is assigned to the pkgOptions parameter. This value is referred to as the execution value because it applies to the parameter only for that particular instance of execution. When execution starts, the package property corresponding to the pkgOptions parameter is assigned the value of 5.
Related Tasks
Set Parameter Values After the Project Is Deployed
Related Content
Blog entry, SSIS Quick Tip: Required Parameters, on mattmasson.com.