Install SQL Server PowerShell
SQL Server Setup will stop if it detects that you have selected SQL Server features that include PowerShell components, but Windows PowerShell 2.0 is not installed. You must install PowerShell by using the Windows Management Framework, and then rerun Setup.
Installing SQL Server PowerShell Support
You install the software that provides SQL Server support for Windows PowerShell by using SQL Server Setup. When you select any SQL Server features that require PowerShell support, Setup checks that Windows PowerShell 2.0 is installed. If PowerShell 2.0 is present, Setup then installs the following SQL Server PowerShell components:
The SQL Server PowerShell snap-ins. The snap-ins are dll files that implement two types of Windows PowerShell support for SQL Server:
A set of SQL Server cmdlets. Cmdlets are commands that implement a specific action. For example, Invoke-Sqlcmd runs a Transact-SQL or XQuery script that can also be run by using the sqlcmd utility, and Invoke-PolicyEvaluation reports whether SQL Server objects comply with policy-based management policies.
A SQL Server provider. The provider lets you navigate the hierarchy of SQL Server objects using a path similar to a file system path. Each object is associated with a class from the SQL Server Management object models. You can use the methods and properties of the class to perform work on the objects. For example, if you cd to a databases object in a path, you can use the methods and properties of the Microsoft.SqlServer.Managment.SMO.Database class to manage the database.
The sqlps module that is imported into Windows PowerShell 2.0 sessions to load the SQL Server snap-ins.
The deprecated sqlps utility that starts a Windows PowerShell 2.0 session and imports the sqlps module.
SQL Server Management Studio supports starting Windows PowerShell sessions from the Object Explorer tree. SQL Server Agent supports Windows PowerShell job steps.
If Windows PowerShell 2.0 has not been installed, or has been uninstalled, you must install it by following the instructions on the Windows Management Framework page.
If Windows PowerShell is uninstalled after Setup finishes, the SQL Server features for Windows PowerShell will not function. Windows PowerShell can be uninstalled by Windows users, and uninstalling Windows PowerShell might be required by some Windows operating system upgrades. To use the SQL Server PowerShell features, you must reinstall PowerShell 2.0 by using the Windows Management Framework.