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Hardening and Protecting the Databases of Lync Server 2010

 

Topic Last Modified: 2012-10-18

Microsoft Lync Server 2010 also depends on SQL Server databases for storing user information, conference state, archiving data, and Call Detail Records (CDRs). You can maximize the availability of Lync Server 2010 data on Lync Server back-end databases, by partitioning the application data in a way that improves fault tolerance and simplifies troubleshooting. To achieve these goals, partition the application data by:

  • Using server partitioning best practices   Separate your operating system, application, and program files from your data files.

  • Storing transaction log files and database files   Store these files separately to increase fault tolerance and optimize recovery, and store them on an encrypted disk or volume.

  • Using server clustering   Cluster the back-end servers to optimize Lync Server 2010 system availability.

  • Ensure that all data backups are encrypted and properly handled   Lost, discarded, or misplaced backup media can pose a significant threat to data security for Lync Server 2010 deployments

On any Lync Server 2010 server except Standard Edition server, the SQL Server Express instance (RTCLOCAL instance) is not remotely accessible, and no local firewall exceptions are created, except for SQL Server Express on a Standard Edition server. On a Standard Edition server, both the back-end database and the Central Management store (CMS) are set up to be remotely accessible. To harden SQL Server databases, you can do the following:

  • Customize the SQL Server Express firewall on Standard Edition servers, limiting the scope of servers that can remotely access the database. By default, any IP address can remotely access the database.

  • Use SQL Server Configuration Manager to specify the protocols, IP addresses, and ports for SQL Server remote access:

    • Lync Server 2010 uses the TCP/IP protocol. It supports IP version 4 (IPv4), but not IP version 6 (IPv6).

      Note

      Lync Server 2010 can function in a network with dual IP stack enabled.

    • Lync Server 2010 supports multiple IP address (multi-homed network address cards). You can specify that SQL Server listen only to specific IP addresses (individual address or by subnet) and only use specific protocols.

    • Lync Server 2010 supports static and dynamic SQL Server ports.

  • Run SQL Server on a static (non-default) port, and do not run SQL Server Browser (so it cannot report the listening port to the client). This requires a custom configuration on each SQL Server client, including Front End Servers, Monitoring Server, Archiving Server, and administrative consoles (running Lync Server Management Shell, Lync Server Control Panel, or Topology Builder), and all other servers running Lync Server databases).

Note

Access to databases must be limited to trusted database administrators. A malicious database administrator could insert or modify data into the databases to acquire privileges over the Lync Server 2010 servers or obtain sensitive information from the services, even if the database administrator has not been granted direct access or control of the Lync Server 2010 servers.

For details about custom configurations and hardening SQL Server databases, see the NextHop blog article, "Using Lync Server 2010 with a Custom SQL Server Network Configuration," at https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=214008.

Note

You can also harden operating systems and applications servers, and you can use Group Policy to implement security lockdowns in your Lync Server deployment. For details, see Hardening and Protecting Servers and Applications for Lync Server 2010.