Full Code Listings
This topic contains the entire code listing for an application that uses Manipulations and Inertia processors.
GamePiece class
The following code shows the entire GamePiece class.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input;
using System.Windows.Input.Manipulations;
namespace ManipulationXNA
{
public class GamePiece
{
#region PrivateMembers
// The sprite batch used for drawing the game piece.
private SpriteBatch spriteBatch;
// The position of the game piece.
private Vector2 position;
// The origin used for rendering the game piece.
// Gets set to be the center of the piece.
private Vector2 origin;
// The texture for the piece.
private Texture2D texture;
// The bounds of the game piece. Used for hit testing.
private Rectangle bounds;
// The rotation of the game piece, in radians.
private float rotation;
// The scale, in percentage of the actual image size. 1.0 = 100%.
private float scale;
// The view port, used to detect when to bounce.
private Viewport viewport;
// The manipulation processor for this game piece.
private ManipulationProcessor2D manipulationProcessor;
// The inertia processor for this game piece.
private InertiaProcessor2D inertiaProcessor;
// Flag to indicate that inertia processing should start or continue.
private bool processInertia;
// Flag to indicate whether this piece has captured the mouse.
private bool isMouseCaptured;
// Used during manipulation to indicate where the drag is occurring.
private System.Windows.Point dragPoint;
// The color of the game piece.
private Color pieceColor;
// Represents how spongy the walls act when the piece bounces.
// Must be <= 1.0 (if greater than 1.0, the piece will accelerate on bounce)
// 1.0 = no slowdown during a bounce.
// 0.0 (or less) = won't bounce.
private float spongeFactor = 0.925f;
#endregion
/*******************************************/
#region Constructor
public GamePiece(SpriteBatch spriteBatch, string fileName)
{
// For brevity, omitting checking of null parameters.
this.spriteBatch = spriteBatch;
// Get the texture from the specified file.
texture = Texture2D.FromFile(spriteBatch.GraphicsDevice, fileName);
// Initial position set to 0,0.
position = new Vector2(0);
// Set the origin to be the center of the texture.
origin = new Vector2(texture.Width / 2.0f, texture.Height / 2.0f);
// Set bounds. bounds.X and bounds.Y are set as the position or scale changes.
bounds = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height);
// Create manipulation processor.
Manipulations2D enabledManipulations =
Manipulations2D.Translate | Manipulations2D.Rotate;
manipulationProcessor = new ManipulationProcessor2D(enabledManipulations);
manipulationProcessor.Pivot = new ManipulationPivot2D();
manipulationProcessor.Pivot.Radius = texture.Width / 2;
manipulationProcessor.MinimumScaleRotateRadius = 10.0f;
manipulationProcessor.Started += OnManipulationStarted;
manipulationProcessor.Delta += OnManipulationDelta;
manipulationProcessor.Completed += OnManipulationCompleted;
// Create inertia processor.
inertiaProcessor = new InertiaProcessor2D();
inertiaProcessor.Delta += OnInertiaDelta;
inertiaProcessor.Completed += OnInertiaCompleted;
inertiaProcessor.TranslationBehavior.DesiredDeceleration = 0.0001F;
inertiaProcessor.RotationBehavior.DesiredDeceleration = 1e-6F;
inertiaProcessor.ExpansionBehavior.DesiredDeceleration = 0.0001F;
// Save the view port. Used to detect when the piece needs to bounce.
viewport = spriteBatch.GraphicsDevice.Viewport;
// Set the piece in a random location.
Random random = new Random((int)Timestamp);
X = random.Next(viewport.Width);
Y = random.Next(viewport.Height);
// Set a random orientation.
rotation = (float)(random.NextDouble() * Math.PI * 2.0);
dragPoint = new System.Windows.Point(double.NaN, double.NaN);
pieceColor = Color.White;
// Set scale to normal (100%)
Scale = 1.0f;
}
#endregion
/*******************************************/
#region PublicProperties
public float Scale
{
get { return scale; }
set
{
scale = value;
bounds.Width = (int)(texture.Width * value);
bounds.Height = (int)(texture.Height * value);
// Setting X and Y (private properties) causes
// bounds.X and bounds.Y to adjust to the scale factor.
X = X;
Y = Y;
}
}
public Color PieceColor
{
get { return pieceColor; }
set { pieceColor = value; }
}
public Rectangle Bounds
{
get { return bounds; }
}
#endregion
/*******************************************/
#region ProcessInertia
public void ProcessInertia()
{
if (processInertia)
{
inertiaProcessor.Process(Timestamp);
}
}
#endregion
#region UpdateFromMouse
public bool UpdateFromMouse(MouseState mouseState)
{
if (mouseState.LeftButton == ButtonState.Released)
{
if (isMouseCaptured)
{
manipulationProcessor.CompleteManipulation(Timestamp);
}
isMouseCaptured = false;
}
if (isMouseCaptured ||
(mouseState.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed &&
bounds.Contains(mouseState.X, mouseState.Y)))
{
isMouseCaptured = true;
Manipulator2D[] manipulators = new Manipulator2D[]
{
new Manipulator2D(0, mouseState.X, mouseState.Y)
};
dragPoint.X = mouseState.X;
dragPoint.Y = mouseState.Y;
manipulationProcessor.ProcessManipulators(Timestamp, manipulators);
}
// If the right button is pressed, stop the piece and move it to the center.
if (mouseState.RightButton == ButtonState.Pressed)
{
processInertia = false;
X = viewport.Width / 2;
Y = viewport.Height / 2;
rotation = 0;
}
return isMouseCaptured;
}
#endregion
#region Draw
public void Draw()
{
spriteBatch.Draw(
texture, position,
null, pieceColor, rotation,
origin, scale,
SpriteEffects.None, 1.0f);
}
public void Draw(Rectangle bounds)
{
spriteBatch.Draw(texture, bounds, pieceColor);
}
#endregion
/*******************************************/
#region PrivateProperties
private long Timestamp
{
get
{
// Get timestamp in 100-nanosecond units.
double nanosecondsPerTick = 1000000000.0 / System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.Frequency;
return (long)(System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.GetTimestamp() / nanosecondsPerTick / 100.0);
}
}
private float X
{
get { return position.X; }
set
{
position.X = value;
manipulationProcessor.Pivot.X = value;
bounds.X = (int)(position.X - (origin.X * scale));
}
}
private float Y
{
get { return position.Y; }
set
{
position.Y = value;
manipulationProcessor.Pivot.Y = value;
bounds.Y = (int)(position.Y - (origin.Y * scale));
}
}
#endregion
/** Manipulation and Inertia events ********/
#region OnManipulationStarted
private void OnManipulationStarted(object sender, Manipulation2DStartedEventArgs e)
{
if (inertiaProcessor.IsRunning)
{
inertiaProcessor.Complete(Timestamp);
}
processInertia = false;
}
#endregion
#region OnManipulationDelta
private void OnManipulationDelta(object sender, Manipulation2DDeltaEventArgs e)
{
//// Adjust the position and rotation of the game piece.
float deltaX = e.Delta.TranslationX;
float deltaY = e.Delta.TranslationY;
if (dragPoint.X != double.NaN || dragPoint.Y != double.NaN)
{
// Single-manipulator-drag-rotate mode. Adjust for drag / rotation
System.Windows.Point center = new System.Windows.Point(position.X, position.Y);
System.Windows.Vector toCenter = center - dragPoint;
double sin = Math.Sin(e.Delta.Rotation);
double cos = Math.Cos(e.Delta.Rotation);
System.Windows.Vector rotatedToCenter =
new System.Windows.Vector(
toCenter.X * cos - toCenter.Y * sin,
toCenter.X * sin + toCenter.Y * cos);
System.Windows.Vector shift = rotatedToCenter - toCenter;
deltaX += (float)shift.X;
deltaY += (float)shift.Y;
}
X += deltaX;
Y += deltaY;
rotation += e.Delta.Rotation;
}
#endregion
#region OnManipulationCompleted
private void OnManipulationCompleted(object sender, Manipulation2DCompletedEventArgs e)
{
inertiaProcessor.TranslationBehavior.InitialVelocityX = e.Velocities.LinearVelocityX;
inertiaProcessor.TranslationBehavior.InitialVelocityY = e.Velocities.LinearVelocityY;
inertiaProcessor.RotationBehavior.InitialVelocity = e.Velocities.AngularVelocity;
processInertia = true;
}
#endregion
#region OnInertiaDelta
private void OnInertiaDelta(object sender, Manipulation2DDeltaEventArgs e)
{
// Adjust the position of the game piece.
X += e.Delta.TranslationX;
Y += e.Delta.TranslationY;
rotation += e.Delta.Rotation;
// Check to see if the piece has hit the edge of the view port.
bool reverseX = false;
bool reverseY = false;
if (X > viewport.Width)
{
reverseX = true;
X = viewport.Width;
}
else if (X < viewport.X)
{
reverseX = true;
X = viewport.X;
}
if (Y > viewport.Height)
{
reverseY = true;
Y = viewport.Height;
}
else if (Y < viewport.Y)
{
reverseY = true;
Y = viewport.Y;
}
if (reverseX || reverseY)
{
// Get the current velocities, reversing as needed.
// If reversing, apply sponge factor to slow the piece slightly.
float velocityX = e.Velocities.LinearVelocityX * ((reverseX) ? -spongeFactor : 1.0f);
float velocityY = e.Velocities.LinearVelocityY * ((reverseY) ? -spongeFactor : 1.0f);
// Must stop inertia processing before changing parameters.
if (inertiaProcessor.IsRunning)
{
inertiaProcessor.Complete(Timestamp);
}
// Assign the new velocities.
inertiaProcessor.TranslationBehavior.InitialVelocityX = velocityX;
inertiaProcessor.TranslationBehavior.InitialVelocityY = velocityY;
// Set flag so that inertia processing will continue.
processInertia = true;
}
}
#endregion
#region OnInertiaCompleted
private void OnInertiaCompleted(object sender, Manipulation2DCompletedEventArgs e)
{
processInertia = false;
}
#endregion
}
}
GamePieceCollection class
The following code shows the entire GamePieceCollection class.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input;
namespace ManipulationXNA
{
public class GamePieceCollection : List<GamePiece>
{
#region PrivateMembersAndConstructor
private int capturedIndex;
public GamePieceCollection()
{
// No capture yet.
capturedIndex = -1;
}
#endregion
#region ProcessInertiaAndDraw
public void ProcessInertia()
{
foreach (GamePiece piece in this)
{
piece.ProcessInertia();
}
}
public void Draw()
{
foreach (GamePiece piece in this)
{
piece.Draw();
}
}
#endregion
#region UpdateFromMouse
public void UpdateFromMouse()
{
MouseState mouseState = Mouse.GetState();
// If there is a current capture and
// that piece still reports having the capture,
// then return. Another piece cannot have the capture now.
if (capturedIndex >= 0 &&
capturedIndex < Count
&& this[capturedIndex].UpdateFromMouse(mouseState))
{
return;
}
capturedIndex = -1;
// A higher numbered index gets first chance
// for a capture. It is "on top" of a lower numbered index.
for (int index = Count - 1; index >= 0; index--)
{
if (this[index].UpdateFromMouse(mouseState))
{
capturedIndex = index;
return;
}
}
}
#endregion
}
}
Game1 class
The following code shows the entire Game1 class.
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Net;
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Storage;
using System.Windows.Input.Manipulations;
namespace ManipulationXNA
{
/// <summary>
/// This is the main type for your game
/// </summary>
public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game
{
#region PrivateMembers
// Number of game pieces.
private const int GamePieceCount = 6;
// The collection of game pieces.
private GamePieceCollection faces;
// Graphics device manager.
private GraphicsDeviceManager graphics;
// The sprite batch used for rendering game pieces.
private SpriteBatch spriteBatch;
#endregion
#region ConstructorInitialize
public Game1()
{
graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this);
Content.RootDirectory = "Content";
// This is the default but assigning here explicitly
// to show that resizing is not supported. The view port
// boundaries used to bounce a game piece would not be
// updated if the window was resized.
Window.AllowUserResizing = false;
}
/// <summary>
/// Allows the game to perform any initialization it needs to before starting to run.
/// </summary>
protected override void Initialize()
{
IsMouseVisible = true;
faces = new GamePieceCollection();
// base.Initialize calls the LoadContent method.
base.Initialize();
}
#endregion
#region LoadContent
/// <summary>
/// LoadContent will be called once per game. Load all content here.
/// </summary>
protected override void LoadContent()
{
spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice);
string filename = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetCurrentProcess().MainModule.FileName;
string path = System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(filename) + @"\Content";
// Scale pieces from 100% to 160%
float scale = 1.0f;
float scaleFactor = 0.60f / ((GamePieceCount/2)-1);
for (int k = 0; k < GamePieceCount / 2; k++)
{
GamePiece face1 = new GamePiece(spriteBatch, path + @"\Face1.png");
GamePiece face2 = new GamePiece(spriteBatch, path + @"\Face2.png");
face1.Scale = face2.Scale = scale;
face1.PieceColor = Color.Green;
face2.PieceColor = Color.LightSalmon;
faces.Add(face1);
faces.Add(face2);
scale += scaleFactor;
}
}
#endregion
#region UnloadContent
/// <summary>
/// UnloadContent will be called once per game. Unload all content.
/// </summary>
protected override void UnloadContent()
{
}
#endregion
#region UpdateGame
/// <summary>
/// Allows the game to run logic such as updating the world,
/// checking for collisions, gathering input, and playing audio.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param>
protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime)
{
faces.ProcessInertia();
faces.UpdateFromMouse();
base.Update(gameTime);
}
#endregion
#region DrawGame
/// <summary>
/// This is called when the game should draw itself.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="gameTime">Provides a snapshot of timing values.</param>
protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime)
{
GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue);
spriteBatch.Begin();
faces.Draw();
spriteBatch.End();
base.Draw(gameTime);
}
#endregion
}
}
See Also
Concepts
Using Manipulations and Inertia in an XNA Application
Creating the GamePieceCollection Class