How to: Create a Custom Claim

Article
09/15/2021

The Identity Model infrastructure in Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) provides a set of built-in claim types and rights with the helper functions for creating Claim instances with those types and rights. These built-in claims are designed to model information found in client credential types that WCF supports by default. In many cases, the built-in claims are sufficient; however some applications may require custom claims. A claim consists of the claim type, the resource for which the claim applies to and the right that is asserted over that resource. This topic describes how to create a custom claim.

To create a custom claim that is based on a primitive data type

Create a custom claim by passing the claim type, resource value and right to the Claim(String, Object, String) constructor.
1. Decide on a unique value for the claim type.
  
  The claim type is a unique string identifier. It is the custom claim designer's responsibility to ensure that the string identifier that is used for the claim type is unique. For a list of claim types that are defined by WCF, see the ClaimTypes class.
2. Choose the primitive data type and value for the resource.
  
  A resource is an object. The CLR type of the resource can be a primitive, such as String or Int32, or any serializable type. The CLR type of the resource must be serializable, because claims are serialized at various points by WCF. Primitive types are serializable.
3. Choose a right that is defined by WCF or a unique value for a custom right.
  
  A right is a unique string identifier. The rights that are defined by WCF are defined in the Rights class.
  
  It is the custom claim designer's responsibility to ensure that the string identifier that is used for the right is unique.
  
  The following code example creates a custom claim with a claim type of http://example.org/claims/simplecustomclaim, for a resource named Driver's License, and with the PossessProperty right.
```
// Create claim with custom claim type and primitive resource
Claim c1 = new Claim ( "http://example.org/claims/simplecustomclaim", "Driver's License", Rights.PossessProperty);
```
```
' Create claim with custom claim type and primitive resource
Dim c1 As New Claim("http://example.org/claims/simplecustomclaim", "Driver's License", Rights.PossessProperty)
```

To create a custom claim that is based on a non-primitive data type

Create a custom claim by passing the claim type, resource value and right to the Claim(String, Object, String) constructor.

Decide on a unique value for the claim type.

The claim type is a unique string identifier. It is the custom claim designer's responsibility to ensure that the string identifier that is used for the claim type is unique. For a list of claim types that are defined by WCF, see the ClaimTypes class.

Choose or define a serializable non-primitive type for the resource.

A resource is an object. The CLR type of the resource must be serializable, because claims are serialized at various points by WCF. Primitive types are already serializable.

When a new type is defined, apply the DataContractAttribute to the class. Also apply the DataMemberAttribute attribute to the all members of the new type that need to be serialized as part of the claim.

The following code example defines a custom resource type named MyResourceType.

[DataContract(Name="MyResource", Namespace="http://example.org/resources")]
public sealed class MyResourceType
{
  // private members
  private string text;
  private int number;

  // Constructors
  public MyResourceType()
  {
  }

  public MyResourceType(string text, int number )
  {
    this.text = text;
    this.number = number;
  }

  // Public properties
  [DataMember]
  public string Text { get { return this.text; }  set { this.text = value; } }
  [DataMember]
  public int Number { get { return this.number; } set { this.number = value; } }
}

<DataContract(Name:="MyResource", [Namespace]:="http://example.org/resources")> _
NotInheritable Public Class MyResourceType
    ' private members
    Private text_value As String
    Private number_value As Integer


    ' Constructors
    Public Sub New()

    End Sub


    Public Sub New(ByVal text As String, ByVal number As Integer)
        Me.text_value = text
        Me.number = number

    End Sub

    ' Public properties

    <DataMember()> _
    Public Property Text() As String
        Get
            Return Me.text_value
        End Get
        Set
            Me.text_value = value
        End Set
    End Property

    <DataMember()> _
    Public Property Number() As Integer
        Get
            Return Me.number_value
        End Get
        Set
            Me.number_value = value
        End Set
    End Property
End Class

Choose a right that is defined by WCF or a unique value for a custom right.

A right is a unique string identifier. The rights that are defined by WCF are defined in the Rights class.

It is the custom claim designer's responsibility to ensure that the string identifier that is used for the right is unique.

The following code example creates a custom claim with a claim type of http://example.org/claims/complexcustomclaim, a custom resource type of MyResourceType, and with the PossessProperty right.
```
// Create claim with custom claim type and structured resource type
Claim c2 = new Claim ( "http://example.org/claims/complexcustomclaim", new MyResourceType ( "Martin", 38 ), Rights.PossessProperty);
```
```
' Create claim with custom claim type and structured resource type
Dim c2 As New Claim("http://example.org/claims/complexcustomclaim", New MyResourceType("Martin", 38), Rights.PossessProperty)
```

Example

The following code example demonstrates how to create a custom claim with a primitive resource type and a custom claim with a non-primitive resource type.

using System;
using System.IdentityModel.Claims;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;

namespace Samples
{
  [DataContract(Name="MyResource", Namespace="http://example.org/resources")]
  public sealed class MyResourceType
  {
    // private members
    private string text;
    private int number;

    // Constructors
    public MyResourceType()
    {
    }

    public MyResourceType(string text, int number )
    {
      this.text = text;
      this.number = number;
    }

    // Public properties
    [DataMember]
    public string Text { get { return this.text; }  set { this.text = value; } }
    [DataMember]
    public int Number { get { return this.number; } set { this.number = value; } }
  }

  class Program
  {
    public static void Main()
    {
      // Create claim with custom claim type and primitive resource
      Claim c1 = new Claim ( "http://example.org/claims/simplecustomclaim", "Driver's License", Rights.PossessProperty);
      // Create claim with custom claim type and structured resource type
      Claim c2 = new Claim ( "http://example.org/claims/complexcustomclaim", new MyResourceType ( "Martin", 38 ), Rights.PossessProperty);

      // Do something with claims
    }
  }
}

Imports System.IdentityModel.Claims
Imports System.Runtime.Serialization
Imports System.Security.Permissions



<DataContract(Name:="MyResource", [Namespace]:="http://example.org/resources")> _
NotInheritable Public Class MyResourceType
    ' private members
    Private text_value As String
    Private number_value As Integer


    ' Constructors
    Public Sub New()

    End Sub


    Public Sub New(ByVal text As String, ByVal number As Integer)
        Me.text_value = text
        Me.number = number

    End Sub

    ' Public properties

    <DataMember()> _
    Public Property Text() As String
        Get
            Return Me.text_value
        End Get
        Set
            Me.text_value = value
        End Set
    End Property

    <DataMember()> _
    Public Property Number() As Integer
        Get
            Return Me.number_value
        End Get
        Set
            Me.number_value = value
        End Set
    End Property
End Class

Class Program

    Public Shared Sub Main()
        ' Create claim with custom claim type and primitive resource
        Dim c1 As New Claim("http://example.org/claims/simplecustomclaim", "Driver's License", Rights.PossessProperty)
        ' Create claim with custom claim type and structured resource type
        Dim c2 As New Claim("http://example.org/claims/complexcustomclaim", New MyResourceType("Martin", 38), Rights.PossessProperty)
    End Sub
End Class
' Do something with claims

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How to: Create a Custom Claim

To create a custom claim that is based on a primitive data type

To create a custom claim that is based on a non-primitive data type

Example

See also

Additional resources