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Windows 10 Troubleshooting: Error upgrading to build 1607, 0x80070057-0x2000A

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Problem

This time upgrade fails with error: 0x80070057-0x2000A, which means "The parameter is incorrect".

While checking with logs in c:\windows~BT, log names: Setupact.log and setuperr.log, we see below excerpt.

2016-10-11 14:12:07, Info                  SP     Create BOOTMGR object RetainBootDefault:n
2016-10-11 14:12:07, Info                  SP     Setting {default} to {ae179ceb-a28b-11e4-a386-74e6e20d9a1b}
2016-10-11 14:12:07, Info                  SP     Cleaning up debugger settings.
2016-10-11 14:12:07, Error                 SP     Failed to close the system store. Status = [c000000d]
2016-10-11 14:12:08, Error                 SP     CAddBootEntry: Failure while adding the boot entry. Error: 0x80070057[gle=0x00000057]
2016-10-11 14:12:08, Error                 SP     Operation failed: Add boot entry for C:\WINDOWS.~BT\NewOS\WINDOWS. Locale = en-US. Error: 0x80070057[gle=0x000000b7]
2016-10-11 14:12:08, Error                 SP     Operation execution failed: 10. hr = 0x80070057[gle=0x000000b7]

While upgrading the operating system from one build to another, the upgrade process will update the loader entry in BCD store, however, it failed.
When we try to enumerate the information of BCD using BCDedit, we see below entry and at the end of below excerpt we see "The parameter is incorrect".
So, we had damaged BCD store.

C:\Windows\System32>bcdedit   Windows Boot Manager

identifier              {bootmgr} device                  partition=\Device\HarddiskVolume1 path                    \EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi description             Windows Boot Manager locale                  en-us inherit                 {globalsettings} default                 {default} resumeobject            {4168b767-9264-11e6-83ac-801934dced16} displayorder            {default} toolsdisplayorder       {memdiag} timeout                 30   Windows Boot Loader

identifier              {default}
device                  partition=C:
path                    \windows\system32\winload.efi
description             Windows 10
locale                  en-us
inherit                 {bootloadersettings}
isolatedcontext         Yes
allowedinmemorysettings 0x15000075
osdevice                partition=C:
systemroot              \windows
resumeobject            {4168b767-9264-11e6-83ac-801934dced16}
nx                      OptIn
bootmenupolicy          Standard
The parameter is incorrect.

Solution

Rename previous BCD, by checking on the active partition if it is MBR drive or on EFI FAT32 partition if GPT drive.
Once renamed use command bcdboot c:\windows, if MBR drive;
or BCDBoot C:\windows /s z: /f all, if GPT drive.

Here, c:\ is drive where we have windows folder or root directory
z: is drive letter given to EFI partition.

Once BCD store is generated upgrade process went through.