Thank you for posting your query on Microsoft Q&A.
I understand that you are migrating or using a new mobile phone, and you are trying to sync passkeys, but you are facing the issue that passkey doesn’t sync with other devices.
In the document you provided, it is mentioned to restrict the Bluetooth pairing, so try to enable the Bluetooth Pairing and now sync the passkeys with other devices.
Follow the documents for more information: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/identity-protection/passkeys/?tabs=windows%2Cintune#passkeys-in-bluetooth-restricted-environments
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/client-management/mdm/policy-csp-bluetooth
Hope this helps. Do let us know if you have any further queries.
If this answers your query, do click `Accept Answer`
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Thanks,
B. Siri Chandana.