@SilasHelper, Thanks for posting in Q&A.
From your description, I know you have deployed an application, and it successfully installed on targeted device but get the error code 0X87D10041C in Intune portal.
Could you please confirm us that the error code is 0X87D1041C? if yes, based as I know, the error code 0X87D1041C means the application was not detected after installation completed successfully, which is generally caused by an Incorrect detection rule specified during the creation of the Win32 application deployment from Intune.
To fix this problem, we can validate the Detection rules (Application product code, Registry key, Files, or custom script) from the Detection rules tab when editing the application. Make sure that you have provided the correct details to detect the application.
Here are some links with useful information you can refer to.
https://cloudinfra.net/application-was-not-detected-intune-error-0x87d1041c/
https://techuisitive.com/intune-win32-app-deployment-failed-with-error-0x87d1041c/
Non-official, just for reference.
Hope above information can be helpful, if there is any update, feel free to let me know.
If the answer is helpful, please click "Accept Answer" and kindly upvote it. If you have extra questions about this answer, please click "Comment".
Note: Please follow the steps in our documentation to enable e-mail notifications if you want to receive the related email notification for this thread.