Hi, @Adrian Foster
Welcome to the Microsoft Q&A platform!
Based on your description, I understand that even though the AD sync is successful, the newly created users are still unavailable at the time of migration.
Can you provide more information so I can troubleshoot?
First of all, what exactly do you mean when you say that the user's mailbox is unavailable? Can't find the user's mailbox? If an error is reported, could you provide a screenshot of the error?
In addition, you can try the following suggestions:
1.Can you find these mailboxes in the EAC? Or you can use Get-Recipient to view the status of these mailboxes.
2.Is the email function enabled in the mailbox? Make sure you have access to the email feature.
3.Make sure that the mailbox is assigned a license.
4.Enable Enable-Remotemailbox on the AD user and verify the synchronization of Azure.
More information can be found On provisioning mailboxes in Exchange Online when in Hybrid - Microsoft Community Hub
5.The directory synchronization tool synchronizes objects at regular intervals. It means that newly created users will not be synced online until the next directory sync.
6.In a hybrid environment, synchronization issues between on-premises AD and Exchange Online can lead to inconsistencies in mailbox information, which in turn can affect migrations.
You can manually use Start-ADSyncSyncCycle -PolicyType Delta to force synchronization to ensure that changes in on-premises AD are immediately reflected in Exchange Online.
7.You can also add tags for Active Directory to troubleshoot AD synchronization.
If my answer is helpful to you, please mark it as the answer so that other users can refer to it. Thank you for your support and understanding.