Thank you for posting your question in the Microsoft Q&A forum.
Based on your description, your issue is with generic email addresses ending in @shadow.outlook.com appearing on emails sent from Android devices using the Outlook app.
As mentioned in the support article you reviewed, this has been identified as a known issue and the Outlook team has taken a close look at the situation and is currently conducting an in-depth investigation. Unfortunately, there is no further information on the progress of this issue at this time, so please continue to be patient and wait for the issue to be properly fixed.
Best