Hello Moritz Damm,
Welcome to Microsoft Q&A! Thanks for posting the question.
I understand that you're encountering an issue when deploying pipeline components to a batch endpoint in Azure Machine Learning, to troubleshoot the issue follow these steps:
Verify the resource configurations. Ensure that all referenced resources, such as compute clusters, datasets, and environments, are properly set up and accessible within the workspace.
Review the deployment logs in detail to identify any specific errors or warnings that could highlight the root cause of the failure. Logs provide insights into issues like misconfigured settings, dependency problems, or permission errors.
Check for endpoint and component compatibility. Ensure that the pipeline component is designed to work with batch inference and that the input/output bindings align with the requirements of the batch endpoint.
For more info kindly refer this Troubleshoot batch endpoints.
Hope this helps, do let us know if you have any further queries.
Thank you!