@ Bootpathy, Apologies for the delay! Thanks for posting a good question.
If my understanding is correct, the question is how to bypass SSL certificate validation when calling from App Service to Https endpoint and not from browser AJAX. In case of a .NET app, you could always provide custom SSL validation via ServicePointManger. I believe you could try the similar process with Angular framework (I have not tested this at this moment).
Furthermore, just to highlight, typically the SSL certificate validation issue (especially untrusted chain) should fail instantly and not timeout.
I understand in your scenario (a private certificate is issued by the customer), in case your requirement fits, you can always use and easily add a private certificate by creating a free App Service Managed Certificate (Preview).
The free App Service Managed Certificate or the App Service certificate already satisfy the requirements of App Service
The private certificate on App Service, must meet the following requirements, kindly review these:
• Exported as a password-protected PFX file
• Contains private key at least 2048 bits long
• Contains all intermediate certificates in the certificate chain
To secure a custom domain in a TLS binding, the certificate has additional requirements:
• Contains an Extended Key Usage for server authentication (OID = 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1)
• Signed by a trusted certificate authority
Once again, apologies for the inconvenience with this issue. Thanks for your patience and co-operation.
Kindly let us know how it goes, we will be more than happy to assist you further.