Hi @Charlie Oliver,
It is important to make sure that your ACS resource is being deployed in a region that has SMS support. Not all geographic regions have SMS capabilities, so you will need to check the supported regions through the official Azure documentation attached below.
Within the Azure portal, you can opt to purchase a dedicated phone number that is provisioned exclusively for SMS (and sometimes voice) service. Provisioning the number not only allows your messaging feature but also allows you to control your flow of communications by correlating messages with a steady sender ID.
Depending on your subscription and where your resource is being deployed, SMS may not be activated by default. In such instances, you may have to activate SMS manually through your ACS resource settings or go through an onboarding process.
Carrier and regulatory compliance is an important aspect of successful deployment of SMS messaging. Varying requirements and guidelines exist from different regions and mobile carriers, which need to be fulfilled. This may involve fulfilling certain registrations or acquiring approvals to send messages to specific countries or carrier networks. Compliance with these regulatory norms is important in order to prevent problems like filtering or blocking of messages, such that your messages are delivered to their target receivers without any disruptions.
Please see below link for Steps involved to reach SMS on ACS -
Send an SMS message - Azure Communication Services | Microsoft Learn
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