@Daniel Le Maitre, Thanks for posting in Q&A.
From your description, I know you got the error message "The application was not detected after the installation was completed successfully (0x87D1041C)" when you deployed win32 apps.
Based on my research, the error is caused by an Incorrect detection rule specified during the creation of the Win32 application deployment from Intune.
To solve the issue, here are some steps you can refer to.
1.We can follow the link below to clear the installation status in Intune portal.
https://cyberunicorn.me/clear-company-portal-status.html
Non-official, just for reference.
2.We can re-check or update detection method in Intune portal and re-deploy the app to user group to see if the issue can be fixed.
https://techuisitive.com/intune-win32-app-deployment-failed-with-error-0x87d1041c/
Non-official, just for reference.
Hope it can help you.
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