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I would like to have some opinions in order to know if I create a load balancer rule with a floating ip, will allow me to use that as listener of a Microsoft SQL Server always on group , that I will have on some vm's at the backend pool.
Yes, creating a load balancer rule with a floating IP can indeed be used as a listener for a Microsoft SQL Server Always On group.
Refer this doc: Configure a load balancer & availability group listener (Azure portal) - SQL Server on Azure VMs | Microsoft Learn
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Regards,
Rohith