I don't think there is a way to declare and provision Azure CDN from Kubernetes manifests. The closest thing I know is through the Open Service Broker for Azure.
https://github.com/Azure/open-service-broker-azure
It supports things like Key Vault, Azure PostgresSQL DB, etc. I did the database and you can provision from yaml.
Unfortunately, there is no CDN in the list.
Also this project doesn't seem like it is being kept up to date.
Hope this clarifies.