Creating and Executing a Simple Command

A simple command is one that is not parameterized and requires no persistence. There are three ways to create and execute a simple command.

• Using a Command object

• Using a Connection object

• Using a Recordset object

Using a Command object

To create a simple command using a Command object, you must assign the instruction to the CommandText property of a Command object and set the appropriate value for the CommandType property. Executing the command requires that an open connection is assigned to the ActiveConnection property of the Command object, followed by a call to the Execute method on the Command object.

The following code snippet shows the basic method of using the Command object to execute a command against a data source. This example uses a row-returning command, and returns the results of the command execution as a Recordset object.

    'BeginBasicCmd  
    On Error GoTo ErrHandler:  
  
    Dim objConn As New ADODB.Connection  
    Dim objCmd As New ADODB.Command  
    Dim objRs As New ADODB.Recordset  
  
    objCmd.CommandText = "SELECT OrderID, OrderDate, " & _  
                         "RequiredDate, ShippedDate " & _  
                         "FROM Orders " & _  
                         "WHERE CustomerID = 'ALFKI' " & _  
                         "ORDER BY OrderID"  
    objCmd.CommandType = adCmdText  
  
    ' Connect to the data source.  
    Set objConn = GetNewConnection  
    objCmd.ActiveConnection = objConn  
  
    ' Execute once and display...  
    Set objRs = objCmd.Execute  
  
    Debug.Print "ALFKI"  
    Do While Not objRs.EOF  
        Debug.Print vbTab & objRs(0) & vbTab & objRs(1) & vbTab & _  
                    objRs(2) & vbTab & objRs(3)  
        objRs.MoveNext  
    Loop  
  
    'clean up  
    objRs.Close  
    objConn.Close  
    Set objRs = Nothing  
    Set objConn = Nothing  
    Set objCmd = Nothing  
    Exit Sub  
  
ErrHandler:  
    'clean up  
    If objRs.State = adStateOpen Then  
        objRs.Close  
    End If  
  
    If objConn.State = adStateOpen Then  
        objConn.Close  
    End If  
  
    Set objRs = Nothing  
    Set objConn = Nothing  
    Set objCmd = Nothing  
  
    If Err <> 0 Then  
        MsgBox Err.Source & "-->" & Err.Description, , "Error"  
    End If  
'EndBasicCmd  
  
'BeginNewConnection  
Private Function GetNewConnection() As ADODB.Connection  
    Dim oCn As New ADODB.Connection  
    Dim sCnStr As String  
  
    sCnStr = "Provider='SQLOLEDB';Data Source='MySqlServer';" & _  
             "Integrated Security='SSPI';Initial Catalog='Northwind';"  
    oCn.Open sCnStr  
  
    If oCn.State = adStateOpen Then  
        Set GetNewConnection = oCn  
    End If  
  
End Function  
'EndNewConnection  

Using a Recordset object

You can also create a command as a text string and pas it to the Open method on a Recordset object, together with the command type (adCmdText), for execution. The following code snippet demonstrate this.

  
Const DS = "MySqlServer"  
Const DB = "Northwind"  
Const DP = "SQLOLEDB"  
  
Dim objRs As New ADODB.Recordset  
Dim CommandText As String  
Dim ConnectionString As String  
  
CommandText = "SELECT OrderID, OrderDate, " & _  
                     "RequiredDate, ShippedDate " & _  
                     "FROM Orders " & _  
                     "WHERE CustomerID = 'ALFKI' " & _  
                     "ORDER BY OrderID"  
ConnectionString = "Provider=" & DP & _  
                   ";Data Source=" & DS & _  
                   ";Initial Catalog=" & DB & _  
                   ";Integrated Security=SSPI;"  
  
' Connect to data source and execute the SQL command.  
objRs.Open CommandText, ConnectionString, _  
            adOpenStatic, adLockReadOnly, adCmdText  
  
Debug.Print "ALFKI"  
Do While Not objRs.EOF  
    Debug.Print vbTab & objRs(0) & vbTab & objRs(1) & vbTab & _  
                objRs(2) & vbTab & objRs(3)  
    objRs.MoveNext  
Loop  
  
'Clean up.  
objRs.Close  
Set objRs = Nothing  

Using a Connection object

You can also execute a command on an open Connection object. The previous code example now becomes this:

Const DS = "MySqlServer"  
Const DB = "Northwind"  
Const DP = "SQLOLEDB"  
  
Dim objConn As New ADODB.Connection  
Dim objRs As New ADODB.Recordset  
  
CommandText = "SELECT OrderID, OrderDate, " & _  
                     "RequiredDate, ShippedDate " & _  
                     "FROM Orders " & _  
                     "WHERE CustomerID = 'ALFKI' " & _  
                     "ORDER BY OrderID"  
  
ConnectionString = "Provider=" & DP & _  
                   ";Data Source=" & DS & _  
                   ";Initial Catalog=" & DB & _  
                   ";Integrated Security=SSPI;"  
  
' Connect to the data source.  
objConn.Open ConnectionString  
  
' Execute command through the connection and display...  
Set objRs = objConn.Execute(CommandText)  
  
Debug.Print "ALFKI"  
Do While Not objRs.EOF  
    Debug.Print vbTab & objRs(0) & vbTab & objRs(1) & vbTab & _  
                objRs(2) & vbTab & objRs(3)  
    objRs.MoveNext  
Loop  
  
'Clean up.  
objRs.Close  
objConn.Close  
Set objRs = Nothing  
Set objConn = Nothing