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Develop calling and online meeting bots on your local PC

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In Run and debug your app, we explain how to use ngrok to create a tunnel between your local computer and the internet. In this topic, learn how you can also use ngrok and your local PC to develop bots that support calls and online meetings.

Messaging bots use HTTP, but calls and online meeting bots use the lower-level TCP. Ngrok supports TCP tunnels in addition to HTTP tunnels.

Configure ngrok.yml

Go to ngrok and sign up for a free account or log into your existing account. After you've signed in, go to the dashboard and get your auth token.

Create a ngrok configuration file ngrok.yml and add the following line. For more information on where the file can be located, see ngrok:

authtoken: <Your-AuthToken>

Set up signaling

In Calls and online meetings bots, we discussed call signaling on how bots detect and respond to new calls and events during a call. Call signaling events are sent through HTTP POST to the bot's calling endpoint.

As with the bot's messaging API, for the Real-time Media Platform to talk to your bot, your bot must be reachable over the internet. Ngrok makes this simple. Add the following lines to your ngrok.yml:

tunnels:
    signaling:
        addr: 12345
        proto: http

Set up local media

Note

This section is only required for application-hosted media bots and can be skipped if you don't host media yourself.

Application-hosted media uses certificates and TCP tunnels. The following steps are required:

  1. Ngrok's public TCP endpoints have fixed URLs. They're 0.tcp.ngrok.io, 1.tcp.ngrok.io, and so on. You must have a DNS CNAME entry for your service that points to these URLs. For example, let's say 0.bot.contoso.com refers to 0.tcp.ngrok.io, 1.bot.contoso.com refers to 1.tcp.ngrok.io, and so on.

  2. An SSL certificate is required for your URLs. To make it easy, use an SSL certificate issued to a wild card domain. In this case, it would be *.bot.contoso.com. This SSL certificate is validated by the media SDK, so it must match your bot's public URL. Note the thumbprint and install it in your machine certificates.

  3. Now, set up a TCP tunnel to forward the traffic to localhost. Write the following lines into your ngrok.yml:

    media:
    addr: 8445
    proto: tcp

Start ngrok

Now that the ngrok configuration is ready, launch it:

ngrok.exe start -all -config <Path to your ngrok.yml>

This starts ngrok and defines the public URLs, which provide the tunnels to your localhost. Following is an example of the output:

Forwarding  http://signal.ngrok.io -> localhost:12345
Forwarding  https://signal.ngrok.io -> localhost:12345
Forwarding  tcp://1.tcp.ngrok.io:12332 -> localhost:8445

Here, 12345 is the signaling port, 8445 is the application-hosted port, and 12332 is the remote media port exposed by ngrok. Note that we have a forwarding from 1.bot.contoso.com to 1.tcp.ngrok.io. This is used as the media URL for the bot. Of course, these port numbers are just examples and you can use any available port.

Update code

After ngrok is up and running, update the code to use the config you just set up.

Update signaling

In the BotBuilder call, change the NotificationUrl to the signaling URL provided by ngrok.

statefulClientBuilder.SetNotificationUrl(
    new Uri("https://signal.ngrok.io/notificationEndpoint"))

Note

Replace signal with the one provided by ngrok and the NotificationEndpoint with the controller path that receives notification.

Important

  • The URL in SetNotificationUrl must be HTTPS.

Your local instance must be listening to HTTP traffic on the signaling port. The requests made by the calls and online meetings platform reach the bot as localhost HTTP traffic unless end-to-end encryption is set up.

Update media

Update your MediaPlatformSettings as following:

var mediaPlatform = new MediaPlatformSettings
{
    ApplicationId = <Your application id>
    MediaPlatformInstanceSettings = new MediaPlatformInstanceSettings
    {
        CertificateThumbprint = <Your SSL Cert thumbprint>,
        InstanceInternalPort = <Localhost media port>,
        InstancePublicPort = <Ngrok exposed remote media port>,
        InstancePublicIPAddress = new IPAddress(0x0),
        ServiceFqdn = <Media url for bot (eg: 1.bot.contoso.com)>,
    },
}

Note

The certificate thumbprint provided in the MediaPlatformSettings must match the Service FQDN. That is why the DNS entries are required.

Caveats

  • Ngrok free accounts don't provide end-to-end encryption. The HTTPS data ends at the ngrok URL and the data flows unencrypted from ngrok to localhost. If you require end-to-end encryption, consider a paid ngrok account. See TLS tunnels for steps on setting up secure end-to-end tunnels.
  • Because the bot callback URL is dynamic, incoming call scenarios require you to frequently update your ngrok endpoints. One way to fix this is to use a paid ngrok account, which provides fixed subdomains to which you can point your bot and the platform.
  • Ngrok tunnels can also be used with Azure Service Fabric. For an example of how to do this, see the HueBot sample app.

See also