Manage distribution groups
Use the Exchange admin center (EAC) or the Exchange Management Shell to create a new distribution group in your Exchange organization or to mail-enable an existing group in Active Directory.
There are two types of groups that can be used to distribute messages:
Mail-enabled universal distribution groups (also called distribution groups) can be used only to distribute messages.
Mail-enabled universal security groups (also called security groups) can be used to distribute messages as well as to grant access permissions to resources in Active Directory. For more information, see Manage mail-enabled security groups in Exchange Server.
It's important to note the terminology differences between Active Directory and Exchange. In Active Directory, a distribution group refers to any group that doesn't have a security context, whether it's mail-enabled or not. In contrast, in Exchange, all mail-enabled groups are referred to as distribution groups, whether they have a security context or not.
Note
You can create or mail-enable only universal distribution groups. To convert a domain-local or a global group to a universal group, you can use the Set-Group cmdlet using the Exchange Management Shell. You may have mail-enabled groups that were migrated from previous versions of Exchange that are not universal groups. You can use the EAC or the Exchange Management Shell to manage these groups
What do you need to know before you begin?
Estimated time to complete: 2 to 5 minutes.
You need to be assigned permissions before you can perform this procedure or procedures. To see what permissions you need, see the "Distribution groups" entry in the Recipients Permissions topic.
If your organization has configured a group naming policy, it's applied only to groups created by users. When you or other administrators use the EAC to create distribution groups, the group naming policy is ignored and isn't applied to the group name. However, if you use the Exchange Management Shell to create or rename a distribution group, the policy is applied unless you use the IgnoreNamingPolicy parameter to override the group naming policy. For more information, see:
For information about keyboard shortcuts that may apply to the procedures in this topic, see Keyboard shortcuts in the Exchange admin center.
Tip
Having problems? Ask for help in the Exchange forums. Visit the forums at: Exchange Server, Exchange Online, or Exchange Online Protection.
Create a distribution group
Use the EAC to create a distribution group
In the EAC, navigate to Recipients > Groups.
Click New
> Distribution group.On the New distribution group page, complete the following boxes:
* Display name: Use this box to type the display name. This name appears in your organization's address book, on the To: line when email is sent to this group, and in the Groups list in the EAC. The display name is required and should be user-friendly so people recognize what it is. It also must be unique in the forest.
* Alias: Use this box to type the name of the alias for the group. The alias can't exceed 64 characters and must be unique in the forest. When a user types the alias in the To: line of an email message, it resolves to the group's display name.
Description: Use this box to describe the group so people know what the purpose of the group is. This description appears in the address book.
Organizational unit: You can select an organizational unit (OU) other than the default (which is the recipient scope). If the recipient scope is set to the forest, the default value is set to the Users container in the Active Directory domain that contains the computer on which the EAC is running. If the recipient scope is set to a specific domain, the Users container in that domain is selected by default. If the recipient scope is set to a specific OU, that OU is selected by default.
To select a different OU, click Browse. The dialog box displays all OUs in the forest that are within the specified scope. Select the OU you want, and then click OK.
* Owners: By default, the person who creates a group is the owner. All groups must have at least one owner. You can add owners by clicking Add
.Members: Use this section to add members and to specify whether approval is required for people to join or leave the group.
Group owners don't have to be members of the group. Use Add group owners as members to add or remove the owners as members.
To add members to the group, click Add
. When you've finished adding members, click OK to return to the New distribution group page.Under Choose whether owner approval is required to join the group, specify whether approval is required for people to join the group. Select one of the following settings:
Open: Anyone can join this group without being approved by the group owners: This is the default setting.
Closed: Members can be added only by the group owners. All requests to join will be rejected automatically
Owner Approval: All requests are manually approved or rejected by the group owners: If you select this option, the group owner or owners will receive an email message requesting approval to join the group.
Under Choose whether the group is open to leave, specify whether approval is required for people to leave the group. Select one of the following settings:
Open: Anyone can leave this group without being approved by the group owners: This is the default setting.
Closed: Members can be removed only by the group owners. All requests to leave will be rejected automatically
When you've finished, click Save to create the distribution group.
Note
By default, new distribution groups require that all senders be authenticated. This prevents external senders from sending messages to distribution groups. To configure a distribution group to accept messages from all senders, you must modify the message delivery restriction settings for that distribution group.
Use the Exchange Management Shell to create a distribution group
This example creates a distribution group with an alias itadmin and the name IT Administrators. The distribution group is created in the default OU, and anyone can join this group without approval by the group owners.
New-DistributionGroup -Name "IT Administrators" -Alias itadmin -MemberJoinRestriction open
For more information about using the Exchange Management Shell to create distribution groups, see New-DistributionGroup.
How do you know this worked?
To verify that you've successfully created a distribution group, do one of the following:
In the EAC, navigate to Recipients > Groups. The new distribution group is displayed in the group list. Under Group Type, the type is Distribution group.
In the Exchange Management Shell, run the following command to display information about the new distribution group.
Get-DistributionGroup <Name> | Format-List Name,RecipientTypeDetails,PrimarySmtpAddress
Change distribution group properties
Use the EAC to change distribution group properties
In the EAC, navigate to Recipients > Groups.
In the list of groups, click the distribution group that you want to view or change, and then click Edit
.On the group properties page, click one of the following sections to view or change properties.
General
Use this section to view or change basic information about the group.
* Display name: This name appears in the address book, on the To: line when email is sent to this group, and in the Groups list. The display name is required and should be user-friendly so people recognize what it is. It also has to be unique in your domain.
If you've implemented a group naming policy, the display name has to conform to the naming format defined by the policy.
* Alias: This is the portion of the email address that appears to the left of the at (@) symbol. If you change the alias, the primary SMTP address for the group will also be changed, and contain the new alias. Also, the email address with the previous alias will be kept as a proxy address for the group.
Description: Use this box to describe the group so people know what the purpose of the group is. This description appears in the address book and in the Details pane in the EAC.
Hide this group from address lists: Select this check box if you don't want users to see this group in the address book. To send email to this group, a sender has to type the group's alias or email address on the To: or Cc: lines.
Tip
Consider hiding security groups because they're typically used to assign permissions to group members and not to send email.
Organizational unit: This read-only box displays the organizational unit (OU) that contains the distribution group. You have to use Active Directory Users and Computers to move the group to a different OU.
Ownership
Use this section to assign group owners. The group owner can add members to the group, approve or reject requests to join or leave the group, and approve or reject messages sent to the group. By default, the person who creates a group is the owner. All groups must have at least one owner.
You can add owners by clicking Add . You can remove an owner by selecting the owner and then clicking Remove 
.
Membership
Use this section to add or remove members. Group owners don't have to be members of the group. Under Members, you can add members by clicking Add . You can remove a member by selecting a user in the member list and then clicking Remove .
Membership approval
Use this section to specify whether approval is required for users to join or leave the group.
Choose whether owner approval is required to join the group: Select one of the following settings:
Open: Anyone can join this group without being approved by the group owners
Closed: Members can be added only by the group owners. All requests to join will be rejected automatically
Owner Approval: All requests are approved or rejected by the group owners: If you select this option, the group owner or owners receive an email requesting approval to join the group.
Choose whether the group is open to leave: Select one of the following settings:
Open: Anyone can leave this group without being approved by the group owners
Closed: Members can be removed only by the group owners. All requests to leave will be rejected automatically
Delivery management
Use this section to manage who can send email to this group.
Only senders inside my organization: Select this option to allow only senders in your organization to send messages to the group. This means that if someone outside of your organization sends an email message to this group, it will be rejected. This is the default setting.
Senders inside and outside of my organization: Select this option to allow anyone to send messages to the group.
You can further limit who can send messages to the group by allowing only specific senders to send messages to this group. Click Add
and then select one or more recipients. If you add senders to this list, they are the only ones who can send mail to the group. Mail sent by anyone not in the list will be rejected.To remove a person or a group from the list, select them in the list and then click Remove
.
Important
If you've configured the group to allow only senders inside your organization to send messages to the group, email sent from a mail contact will be rejected, even if they are added to this list.
Message approval
Use this section to set options for moderating the group. Moderators approve or reject messages sent to the group before they reach the group members.
Messages sent to this group have to be approved by a moderator: This check box isn't selected by default. If you select this check box, incoming messages are reviewed by the group moderators before delivery. Group moderators can approve or reject incoming messages.
Group moderators: To add group moderators, click Add
. To remove a moderator, select the moderator, and then click Remove . If you've selected "Messages sent to this group have to be approved by a moderator" and you don't select a moderator, messages to the group are sent to the group owners for approval.Senders who don't require message approval: To add people or groups that can bypass moderation for this group, click Add
. To remove a person or a group, select the item, and then click Remove .Select moderation notifications: Use this section to set how users are notified about message approval.
Notify all senders when their messages aren't approved: This is the default setting. Notify all senders, inside and outside your organization, when their message isn't approved.
Notify senders in your organization when their messages aren't approved: When you select this option, only people or groups in your organization are notified when a message that they sent to the group isn't approved by a moderator.
Don't notify anyone when a message isn't approved: When you select this option, notifications aren't sent to message senders whose messages aren't approved by the group moderators.
Email options
Use this section to view or change the email addresses associated with the group. This includes the group's primary SMTP addresses and any associated proxy addresses. The primary SMTP address (also known as the reply address) is displayed in bold text in the address list, with the uppercase SMTP value in the Type column.
Add: Click Add
to add a new email address for this mailbox. Select one of following address types:SMTP: This is the default address type. Click this button and then type the new SMTP address in the * Email address box.
Custom address type: Click this button and type one of the supported non-SMTP email address types in the * Email address box.
Note
With the exception of X.400 addresses, Exchange doesn't validate custom addresses for correct formatting. You must make sure that the custom address you specify complies with the format requirements for that address type.
Edit: To change an email address associated with the group, select it in the list, and then click Edit
.Remove: To delete an email address associated with the group, select it in the list, and then click Remove
.Automatically update email addresses based on the email address policy applied to this recipient: Select this check box to have the recipient's email addresses automatically updated based on changes made to email address policies in your organization. This box is selected by default.
MailTip
Use this section to add a MailTip to alert users of potential issues if they send a message to this group. A MailTip is text that's displayed in the InfoBar when this group is added to the To, Cc, or Bcc lines of a new email message. For example, you could add a MailTip to large groups to warn potential senders that their message will be sent to lots of people.
Note
MailTips can include HTML tags, but scripts aren't allowed. The length of a custom MailTip can't exceed 175 displayed characters. HTML tags aren't counted in the limit.
Group delegation
Use this section to assign permissions to a user (called a delegate) to allow them to send messages as the group or send messages on behalf of the group. You can assign the following permissions:
Send As: This permission allows the delegate to send messages as the group. After this permission is assigned, the delegate has the option to add the group to the From line to indicate that the message was sent by the group.
Send on Behalf Of: This permission also allows a delegate to send messages on behalf of the group. After this permission is assigned, the delegate has the option to add the group in the From line. The message will appear to be sent by the group and will say that it was sent by the delegate on behalf of the group.
To assign permissions to delegates, click Add under the appropriate permission to display the Select Recipient page, which displays a list of all recipients in your Exchange organization that can be assigned the permission. Select the recipients you want, add them to the list, and then click OK. You can also search for a specific recipient by typing the recipient's name in the search box and then clicking Search.
Use the Exchange Management Shell to change distribution group properties
Use the Get-DistributionGroup and Set-DistributionGroup cmdlets to view and change properties for distribution groups. Advantages of using the Exchange Management Shell are the ability to change the properties that aren't available in the EAC and to change properties for multiple groups. For information about which parameters correspond to distribution group properties, see the following topics:
Here are some examples of using the Exchange Management Shell to change distribution group properties.
This example changes the primary SMTP address (also called the reply address) for the Seattle Employees distribution group from employees@contoso.com to sea.employees@contoso.com. Also, the previous reply address will be kept as a proxy address.
Set-DistributionGroup "Seattle Employees" -EmailAddresses SMTP:sea.employees@contoso.com,smtp:employees@contoso.com
This example limits the maximum message size that can be sent to all distribution groups in the organization to 10 megabytes (MB).
Get-DistributionGroup -ResultSize unlimited -Filter "RecipientTypeDetails -eq 'MailUniversalDistributionGroup'" | Set-DistributionGroup -MaxReceiveSize 10MB
This example enables moderation for the distribution group Customer Support and sets the moderator to Amy. In addition, this moderated distribution group will notify senders who send mail from within the organization if their messages aren't approved.
Set-DistributionGroup -Identity "Customer Support" -ModeratedBy "Amy" -ModerationEnabled $true -SendModerationNotifications 'Internal'
This example changes the user-created distribution group Dog Lovers to require the group manager to approve users' requests to join the group. In addition, by using the BypassSecurityGroupManagerCheck parameter, the group manager will not be notified that a change was made to the distribution group's settings.
Set-DistributionGroup -Identity "Dog Lovers" -MemberJoinRestriction 'ApprovalRequired' -BypassSecurityGroupManagerCheck
How do you know this worked?
To verify that you've successfully changed properties for a distribution group, do the following:
In the EAC, select the group and then click Edit
to view the property or feature that you changed. Depending on the property that you changed, it might be displayed in the Details pane for the selected group.In the Exchange Management Shell, use the Get-DistributionGroup cmdlet to verify the changes. One advantage of using the Exchange Management Shell is that you can view multiple properties for multiple groups. In the example above where the recipient limit was changed, run the following command to verify the new value.
Get-Mailbox -ResultSize unlimited -Filter "RecipientTypeDetails -eq 'UserMailbox'" | Format-List Name,RecipientLimitsFor the example above where the message limits were changed, run this command.
Get-Mailbox -OrganizationalUnit "Marketing" | Format-List Name,IssueWarningQuota,ProhibitSendQuota,ProhibitSendReceiveQuota,UseDatabaseQuotaDefaults