minus Struct

A predefined function object that performs the subtraction operation (binary operator-) on its arguments.

template<class Type = void>
   struct minus : public binary_function <Type, Type, Type> 
   {
      Type operator()(
         const Type& Left, 
         const Type& Right
      ) const;
   };

// specialized transparent functor for operator-
template<>
   struct minus<void>
   {
      template<class Type1, class Type2>
      auto operator()(Type1&& Left, Type2&& Right) const
         -> decltype(std::forward<Type1>(Left)
            - std::forward<Type2>(Right));
   };

Parameters

• Type, Type1, Type2
  A type that supports a binary operator- that takes operands of the specified or inferred types.

• Left
  The left operand of the operation. The unspecialized template takes an lvalue reference argument of type Type. The specialized template does perfect forwarding of lvalue and rvalue reference arguments of inferred type Type1.

• Right
  The right operand of the operation. The unspecialized template takes an lvalue reference argument of type Type. The specialized template does perfect forwarding of lvalue and rvalue reference arguments of inferred type Type2.

Return Value

The result of Left-Right. The specialized template does perfect forwarding of the result, which has the type returned by operator-.

Example

// functional_minus.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <vector>
#include <functional>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   vector <int> v1, v2, v3 ( 6 );
   vector <int>::iterator Iter1, Iter2, Iter3;
   
   int i;
   for ( i = 0 ; i <= 5 ; i++ )
   {
      v1.push_back( 4 * i + 1);
   }

   int j;
   for ( j = 0 ; j <= 5 ; j++ )
   {
      v2.push_back( 3 * j - 1);
   }

   cout << "The vector v1 = ( " ;
   for ( Iter1 = v1.begin( ) ; Iter1 != v1.end( ) ; Iter1++ )
      cout << *Iter1 << " ";
   cout << ")" << endl;

   cout << "The vector v2 = ( " ;
   for ( Iter2 = v2.begin( ) ; Iter2 != v2.end( ) ; Iter2++ )
      cout << *Iter2 << " ";
   cout << ")" << endl;

   // Finding the element-wise diference of the elements of v1 & v2
   transform ( v1.begin( ),  v1.end( ), v2.begin( ), v3.begin ( ), 
      minus<int>( ) );

   cout << "The element-wise differences between v1 and v2 are: ( " ;
   for ( Iter3 = v3.begin( ) ; Iter3 != v3.end( ) ; Iter3++ )
      cout << *Iter3 << " ";
   cout << ")" << endl;
}

The vector v1 = ( 1 5 9 13 17 21 )
The vector v2 = ( -1 2 5 8 11 14 )
The element-wise differences between v1 and v2 are: ( 2 3 4 5 6 7 )

Requirements

Header: <functional>

Namespace: std

See Also

Reference

Thread Safety in the C++ Standard Library

Standard Template Library