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IConvertible-Schnittstelle

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Definiert Methoden für die Konvertierung des Implementierungsverweis- oder -werttyps in einen Typ der Common Language Runtime mit einem entsprechenden Wert.

 

Namespace: System
Assembly: mscorlib (in mscorlib.dll)

Syntax

'Declaration
<ComVisibleAttribute(True)> _
<CLSCompliantAttribute(False)> _
Public Interface IConvertible
'Usage
Dim instance As IConvertible

[ComVisibleAttribute(true)] 
[CLSCompliantAttribute(false)] 
public interface IConvertible

[ComVisibleAttribute(true)] 
[CLSCompliantAttribute(false)] 
public interface class IConvertible

/** @attribute ComVisibleAttribute(true) */ 
/** @attribute CLSCompliantAttribute(false) */ 
public interface IConvertible

ComVisibleAttribute(true) 
CLSCompliantAttribute(false) 
public interface IConvertible

Hinweise

Diese Schnittstelle stellt Methoden für die Konvertierung des Werts einer Instanz eines Implementierungstyps in einen Typ der Common Language Runtime mit einem entsprechenden Wert bereit. Die Typen der Common Language Runtime sind Boolean, SByte, Byte, Int16, UInt16, Int32, UInt32, Int64, UInt64, Single, Double, Decimal, DateTime, Char und String.

Wenn keine sinnvolle Konvertierung in einen Typ der Common Language Runtime möglich ist, löst die Implementierung einer bestimmten Schnittstellenmethode eine InvalidCastException aus. Wenn z. B. diese Schnittstelle für einen booleschen Typ implementiert ist, löst die Implementierung der ToDateTime-Methode eine Ausnahme aus, da es keine sinnvolle DateTime-Entsprechung zu einem booleschen Typ gibt.

Die Common Language Runtime macht die IConvertible-Schnittstelle i. d. R. über die Convert-Klasse verfügbar. Die Common Language Runtime verwendet die IConvertible-Schnittstelle auch intern in expliziten Schnittstellenimplementierungen, um Code zu vereinfachen, der Konvertierungen in der Convert-Klasse und Grundtypen der Common Language Runtime unterstützt.

Zusätzlich zur IConvertible-Schnittstelle stellt .NET Framework als Typkonverter bezeichnete Klassen für die Konvertierung von benutzerdefinierten Datentypen in andere Datentypen bereit. Weitere Informationen finden Sie im Thema Verallgemeinerte Typkonvertierung.

Beispiel

Im folgenden Codebeispiel wird eine Implementierung von IConvertible für eine Klasse komplexer Zahlen veranschaulicht, die es ermöglicht, zuerst eine Umwandlung in einen Double vorzunehmen und anschließend die statischen Convert-Member für diesen Double aufzurufen.

Imports System

Module Module1

    Public Class Complex
        Implements IConvertible
        Private x As Double
        Private y As Double


        Public Sub New(ByVal x As Double, ByVal y As Double)
            Me.x = x
            Me.y = y
        End Sub 'New


        Public Function GetTypeCode() As TypeCode Implements IConvertible.GetTypeCode
            Return TypeCode.Object
        End Function


        Function ToBoolean(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As Boolean Implements IConvertible.ToBoolean
            If x <> 0 Or y <> 0 Then
                Return True
            Else
                Return False
            End If
        End Function

        Function GetDoubleValue() As Double
            Return Math.Sqrt((x * x + y * y))
        End Function


        Function ToByte(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As Byte Implements IConvertible.ToByte
            Return Convert.ToByte(GetDoubleValue())
        End Function


        Function ToChar(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As Char Implements IConvertible.ToChar
            Return Convert.ToChar(GetDoubleValue())
        End Function


        Function ToDateTime(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As DateTime Implements IConvertible.ToDateTime
            Return Convert.ToDateTime(GetDoubleValue())
        End Function


        Function ToDecimal(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As Decimal Implements IConvertible.ToDecimal
            Return Convert.ToDecimal(GetDoubleValue())
        End Function


        Function ToDouble(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As Double Implements IConvertible.ToDouble
            Return GetDoubleValue()
        End Function


        Function ToInt16(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As Short Implements IConvertible.ToInt16
            Return Convert.ToInt16(GetDoubleValue())
        End Function


        Function ToInt32(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As Integer Implements IConvertible.ToInt32
            Return Convert.ToInt32(GetDoubleValue())
        End Function


        Function ToInt64(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As Long Implements IConvertible.ToInt64
            Return Convert.ToInt64(GetDoubleValue())
        End Function


        Function ToSByte(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As SByte Implements IConvertible.ToSByte
            Return Convert.ToSByte(GetDoubleValue())
        End Function


        Function ToSingle(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As Single Implements IConvertible.ToSingle
            Return Convert.ToSingle(GetDoubleValue())
        End Function


        Overloads Function ToString(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As String Implements IConvertible.ToString
            Return "( " + x.ToString() + " , " + y.ToString() + " )"
        End Function


        Function ToType(ByVal conversionType As Type, ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As Object Implements IConvertible.ToType
            Return Convert.ChangeType(GetDoubleValue(), conversionType)
        End Function


        Function ToUInt16(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As UInt16 Implements IConvertible.ToUInt16
            Return Convert.ToUInt16(GetDoubleValue())
        End Function


        Function ToUInt32(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As UInt32 Implements IConvertible.ToUInt32
            Return Convert.ToUInt32(GetDoubleValue())
        End Function


        Function ToUInt64(ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As UInt64 Implements IConvertible.ToUInt64
            Return Convert.ToUInt64(GetDoubleValue())
        End Function

    End Class


    Sub Main()
        Dim testComplex As New Complex(4, 7)

        WriteObjectInfo(testComplex)
        WriteObjectInfo(Convert.ToBoolean(testComplex))
        WriteObjectInfo(Convert.ToDecimal(testComplex))
        WriteObjectInfo(Convert.ToString(testComplex))

    End Sub

    Sub WriteObjectInfo(ByVal testObject As Object)
        Dim typeCode As TypeCode = Type.GetTypeCode(testObject.GetType())

        Select Case typeCode
            Case typeCode.Boolean
                Console.WriteLine("Boolean: {0}", testObject)

            Case typeCode.Double
                Console.WriteLine("Double: {0}", testObject)

            Case Else
                Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", typeCode.ToString(), testObject)
        End Select
    End Sub

End Module

using System;

namespace ConsoleApplication2
{

    /// Class that implements IConvertible
    class Complex : IConvertible
    {
        double  x;
        double  y;

        public Complex(double x, double y)
        {
            this.x = x;
            this.y = y;
        }

        public TypeCode GetTypeCode()
        {
            return TypeCode.Object;
        }

        bool IConvertible.ToBoolean(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            if( (x != 0.0) || (y != 0.0) )
                return true;
            else
                return false;
        }

        double GetDoubleValue()
        {
            return Math.Sqrt(x*x + y*y);
        }

        byte IConvertible.ToByte(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return Convert.ToByte(GetDoubleValue());
        }

        char IConvertible.ToChar(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return Convert.ToChar(GetDoubleValue());
        }

        DateTime IConvertible.ToDateTime(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return Convert.ToDateTime(GetDoubleValue());
        }

        decimal IConvertible.ToDecimal(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return Convert.ToDecimal(GetDoubleValue());
        }

        double IConvertible.ToDouble(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return GetDoubleValue();
        }

        short IConvertible.ToInt16(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return Convert.ToInt16(GetDoubleValue());
        }

        int IConvertible.ToInt32(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return Convert.ToInt32(GetDoubleValue());
        }

        long IConvertible.ToInt64(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return Convert.ToInt64(GetDoubleValue());
        }

        sbyte IConvertible.ToSByte(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return Convert.ToSByte(GetDoubleValue());
        }

        float IConvertible.ToSingle(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return Convert.ToSingle(GetDoubleValue());
        }

        string IConvertible.ToString(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return "( " + x.ToString() + " , " + y.ToString() + " )";
        }

        object IConvertible.ToType(Type conversionType, IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return Convert.ChangeType(GetDoubleValue(),conversionType);
        }

        ushort IConvertible.ToUInt16(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return Convert.ToUInt16(GetDoubleValue());
        }

        uint IConvertible.ToUInt32(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return Convert.ToUInt32(GetDoubleValue());
        }

        ulong IConvertible.ToUInt64(IFormatProvider provider)
        {
            return Convert.ToUInt64(GetDoubleValue());
        }

    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Summary description for Class1.
    /// </summary>
    class Class1
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            Complex     testComplex = new Complex(4,7);

            WriteObjectInfo(testComplex);
            WriteObjectInfo(Convert.ToBoolean(testComplex));
            WriteObjectInfo(Convert.ToDecimal(testComplex));
            WriteObjectInfo(Convert.ToString(testComplex));

        }

        static void WriteObjectInfo(object testObject)
        {
            TypeCode    typeCode = Type.GetTypeCode( testObject.GetType() );

            switch( typeCode )
            {
                case TypeCode.Boolean:
                    Console.WriteLine("Boolean: {0}", testObject);
                    break;

                case TypeCode.Double:
                    Console.WriteLine("Double: {0}", testObject);
                    break;
                                
                default:
                    Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", typeCode.ToString(), testObject);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}

#using <System.dll>

using namespace System;

/// Class that implements IConvertible
ref class Complex: public IConvertible
{
private:
   double x;
   double y;

public:
   Complex( double x, double y )
   {
      this->x = x;
      this->y = y;
   }

   virtual TypeCode GetTypeCode()
   {
      return TypeCode::Object;
   }

   virtual bool ToBoolean( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToBoolean
   {
      if ( (x != 0.0) || (y != 0.0) )
            return true;
      else
            return false;
   }

   double GetDoubleValue()
   {
      return Math::Sqrt( x * x + y * y );
   }

   virtual Byte ToByte( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToByte
   {
      return Convert::ToByte( GetDoubleValue() );
   }

   virtual Char ToChar( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToChar
   {
      return Convert::ToChar( GetDoubleValue() );
   }

   virtual DateTime ToDateTime( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToDateTime
   {
      return Convert::ToDateTime( GetDoubleValue() );
   }

   virtual Decimal ToDecimal( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToDecimal
   {
      return Convert::ToDecimal( GetDoubleValue() );
   }

   virtual double ToDouble( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToDouble
   {
      return GetDoubleValue();
   }

   virtual short ToInt16( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToInt16
   {
      return Convert::ToInt16( GetDoubleValue() );
   }

   virtual int ToInt32( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToInt32
   {
      return Convert::ToInt32( GetDoubleValue() );
   }

   virtual Int64 ToInt64( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToInt64
   {
      return Convert::ToInt64( GetDoubleValue() );
   }

   virtual signed char ToSByte( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToSByte
   {
      return Convert::ToSByte( GetDoubleValue() );
   }

   virtual float ToSingle( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToSingle
   {
      return Convert::ToSingle( GetDoubleValue() );
   }

   virtual String^ ToString( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToString
   {
      return String::Format( "( {0} , {1} )", x, y );
   }

   virtual Object^ ToType( Type^ conversionType, IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToType
   {
      return Convert::ChangeType( GetDoubleValue(), conversionType );
   }

   virtual UInt16 ToUInt16( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToUInt16
   {
      return Convert::ToUInt16( GetDoubleValue() );
   }

   virtual UInt32 ToUInt32( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToUInt32
   {
      return Convert::ToUInt32( GetDoubleValue() );
   }

   virtual UInt64 ToUInt64( IFormatProvider^ /*provider*/ ) = IConvertible::ToUInt64
   {
      return Convert::ToUInt64( GetDoubleValue() );
   }

};

void WriteObjectInfo( Object^ testObject )
{
   TypeCode typeCode = Type::GetTypeCode( testObject->GetType() );
   switch ( typeCode )
   {
      case TypeCode::Boolean:
         Console::WriteLine( "Boolean: {0}", testObject );
         break;

      case TypeCode::Double:
         Console::WriteLine( "Double: {0}", testObject );
         break;

      default:
         Console::WriteLine( "{0}: {1}", typeCode, testObject );
         break;
   }
}

int main()
{
   Complex^ testComplex = gcnew Complex( 4,7 );
   WriteObjectInfo( testComplex );
   WriteObjectInfo( Convert::ToBoolean( testComplex ) );
   WriteObjectInfo( Convert::ToDecimal( testComplex ) );
   WriteObjectInfo( Convert::ToString( testComplex ) );
}

package ConsoleApplication2 ;
import System.*;
/// Class that implements IConvertible
class Complex implements IConvertible
{
    private double x;
    private double y;

    public Complex(double x, double y)
    {
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    } //Complex

    public TypeCode GetTypeCode()
    {
        return TypeCode.Object;
    } //GetTypeCode

    public boolean ToBoolean(IFormatProvider provider)
    {
        if (x != 0.0 || y != 0.0) {
            return true;
        }
        else {
            return false;
        }
    } //ToBoolean

    double GetDoubleValue()
    {
        return System.Math.Sqrt((x * x + y * y));
    } //GetDoubleValue

    public ubyte ToByte(IFormatProvider provider)
    {
        return Convert.ToByte(GetDoubleValue());
    } //ToByte

    public char ToChar(IFormatProvider provider)
    {
        return Convert.ToChar(GetDoubleValue());
    } //ToChar

    public DateTime ToDateTime(IFormatProvider provider)
    {
        return Convert.ToDateTime(GetDoubleValue());
    } //ToDateTime

    public System.Decimal ToDecimal(IFormatProvider provider)
    {
        return Convert.ToDecimal(GetDoubleValue());
    } //ToDecimal

    public double ToDouble(IFormatProvider provider)
    {
        return GetDoubleValue();
    } //ToDouble

    public short ToInt16(IFormatProvider provider)
    {
        return Convert.ToInt16(GetDoubleValue());
    } //ToInt16

    public int ToInt32(IFormatProvider provider)
    {
        return Convert.ToInt32(GetDoubleValue());
    } //ToInt32

    public long ToInt64(IFormatProvider provider)
    {
        return Convert.ToInt64(GetDoubleValue());
    } //ToInt64

    public byte ToSByte(IFormatProvider provider)
    {
        return Convert.ToSByte(GetDoubleValue());
    } //ToSByte

    public float ToSingle(IFormatProvider provider)
    {
        return Convert.ToSingle(GetDoubleValue());
    } //ToSingle

    public String ToString(IFormatProvider provider)
    {
        return "( " + System.Convert.ToString(x)
            + " , " + System.Convert.ToString(y)+ " )";
    } //ToString

    public Object ToType(Type conversionType, IFormatProvider provider)
    {
        return Convert.ChangeType(new Double(GetDoubleValue()),
            conversionType);
    } //ToType

    public UInt16 ToUInt16(IFormatProvider provider)
    {        
        return Convert.ToUInt16(GetDoubleValue());
    } //ToUInt16

    public UInt32 ToUInt32(IFormatProvider provider)
    {        
        return Convert.ToUInt32(GetDoubleValue());
    } //ToUInt32

    public UInt64 ToUInt64(IFormatProvider provider)
    {        
        return Convert.ToUInt64(GetDoubleValue());
    } //ToUInt64
} //Complex

/// <summary>
/// Summary description for Class1.
/// </summary>
class Class1
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Complex testComplex = new Complex(4, 7);

        WriteObjectInfo(testComplex);
        WriteObjectInfo((System.Boolean)(Convert.ToBoolean(testComplex)));
        WriteObjectInfo(Convert.ToDecimal(testComplex));
        WriteObjectInfo(Convert.ToString(testComplex));
    } //main

    static void WriteObjectInfo(Object testObject)
    {
        TypeCode typeCode = Type.GetTypeCode(testObject.GetType());

        switch (typeCode) {
            case TypeCode.Boolean :
                Console.WriteLine("Boolean: {0}", testObject);
                break;
            case TypeCode.Double :
                Console.WriteLine("Double: {0}", testObject);
                break;
            default :
                Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", typeCode.ToString(), testObject);
                break;
        }
    } //WriteObjectInfo
} //Class1

Plattformen

Windows 98, Windows 2000 SP4, Windows CE, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows Mobile für Pocket PC, Windows Mobile für Smartphone, Windows Server 2003, Windows XP Media Center Edition, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, Windows XP SP2, Windows XP Starter Edition

.NET Framework unterstützt nicht alle Versionen sämtlicher Plattformen. Eine Liste der unterstützten Versionen finden Sie unter Systemanforderungen.

Versionsinformationen

.NET Framework

Unterstützt in: 2.0, 1.1, 1.0

.NET Compact Framework

Unterstützt in: 2.0, 1.0

Siehe auch

Referenz

IConvertible-Member
System-Namespace