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XmlElementAttribute-Konstruktor (String, Type)

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Initialisiert eine neue Instanz von XmlElementAttribute, und gibt den Namen des XML-Elements und einen abgeleiteten Typ für den Member an, auf den das XmlElementAttribute angewendet wird. Dieser Membertyp wird verwendet, wenn der XmlSerializer das Objekt serialisiert, in dem es enthalten ist.

Namespace: System.Xml.Serialization
Assembly: System.Xml (in system.xml.dll)

Syntax

'Declaration
Public Sub New ( _
    elementName As String, _
    type As Type _
)
'Usage
Dim elementName As String
Dim type As Type

Dim instance As New XmlElementAttribute(elementName, type)

public XmlElementAttribute (
    string elementName,
    Type type
)

public:
XmlElementAttribute (
    String^ elementName, 
    Type^ type
)

public XmlElementAttribute (
    String elementName, 
    Type type
)

public function XmlElementAttribute (
    elementName : String, 
    type : Type
)

Parameter

  • elementName
    Der XML-Elementname des serialisierten Members.
  • type
    Der Type eines Objekts, das vom Typ des Members abgeleitet ist.

Hinweise

In der Standardeinstellung verwendet XmlSerializer beim Serialisieren den Membernamen einer Klasseninstanz als Name des XML-Elements. Das Feld Vehicle generiert z. B. das XML-Element Vehicle. Wenn Sie jedoch ein anderes Element benötigen, z. B. Cars, übergeben Sie dieses an den elementName-Parameter.

Geben Sie mit dem type-Parameter einen Typ an, der von einer Basisklasse abgeleitet ist. Angenommen, die Eigenschaft MyAnimal gibt ein Animal-Objekt zurück. Das Objekt soll erweitert werden, deshalb erstellen Sie eine neue Klasse mit dem Namen Mammal, die von der Animal-Klasse erbt. Um XmlSerializer anzuweisen, die Klasse Mammal beim Serialisieren der MyAnimal-Eigenschaft zu akzeptieren, übergeben Sie den Type der Mammal-Klasse an den Konstruktor.

Beispiel

Im folgenden Beispiel wird die Orchestra-Klasse serialisiert, die als einziges Feld Instruments enthält, das ein Array von Instrument-Objekten zurückgibt. Eine zweite Klasse Brass erbt von der Instrument-Klasse. Im Beispiel wird XmlElementAttribute auf das Instruments-Feld angewendet und der Brass-Typ angegeben, wodurch das Instruments-Feld Brass-Objekte akzeptieren kann. Im Beispiel wird außerdem der Name des XML-Elements angegeben, indem die ElementName-Eigenschaft festgelegt wird.

Option Strict
Option Explicit

Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Xml.Serialization
Imports Microsoft.VisualBasic


Public Class Orchestra
    Public Instruments() As Instrument
End Class

Public Class Instrument
    Public Name As String
End Class

Public Class Brass
    Inherits Instrument
    Public IsValved As Boolean
End Class

Public Class Run
    
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        Dim test As New Run()
        test.SerializeObject("Override.xml")
        test.DeserializeObject("Override.xml")
    End Sub 'Main
    
    
    Public Sub SerializeObject(filename As String)
        ' To write the file, a TextWriter is required.
        Dim writer As New StreamWriter(filename)
        
        Dim attrOverrides As New XmlAttributeOverrides()
        Dim attrs As New XmlAttributes()
        
        ' Creates an XmlElementAttribute that overrides the Instrument type.
        Dim attr As New XmlElementAttribute(GetType(Brass))
        attr.ElementName = "Brass"
        
        ' Adds the element to the collection of elements.
        attrs.XmlElements.Add(attr)
        attrOverrides.Add(GetType(Orchestra), "Instruments", attrs)
        
        ' Creates the XmlSerializer using the XmlAttributeOverrides.
        Dim s As New XmlSerializer(GetType(Orchestra), attrOverrides)
        
        ' Creates the object to serialize.
        Dim band As New Orchestra()
        
        ' Creates an object of the derived type.
        Dim i As New Brass()
        i.Name = "Trumpet"
        i.IsValved = True
        Dim myInstruments() As Instrument = {i}
        band.Instruments = myInstruments
        s.Serialize(writer, band)
        writer.Close()
    End Sub
    
    
    Public Sub DeserializeObject(filename As String)
        Dim attrOverrides As New XmlAttributeOverrides()
        Dim attrs As New XmlAttributes()
        
        ' Create an XmlElementAttribute that override the Instrument type.
        Dim attr As New XmlElementAttribute(GetType(Brass))
        attr.ElementName = "Brass"
        
        ' Add the element to the collection of elements.
        attrs.XmlElements.Add(attr)
        attrOverrides.Add(GetType(Orchestra), "Instruments", attrs)
        
        ' Create the XmlSerializer using the XmlAttributeOverrides.
        Dim s As New XmlSerializer(GetType(Orchestra), attrOverrides)
        
        Dim fs As New FileStream(filename, FileMode.Open)
        Dim band As Orchestra = CType(s.Deserialize(fs), Orchestra)
        Console.WriteLine("Brass:")
        
        ' Deserializing differs from serializing. To read the
        ' derived-object values, declare an object of the derived
        ' type (Brass) and cast the Instrument instance to it. 
        Dim b As Brass
        Dim i As Instrument
        For Each i In  band.Instruments
            b = CType(i, Brass)
            Console.WriteLine((b.Name + ControlChars.Cr + b.IsValved.ToString()))
        Next i
    End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

public class Orchestra
{
   public Instrument[] Instruments;
}   

public class Instrument
{
   public string Name;
}

public class Brass:Instrument{
   public bool IsValved;
}

public class Run
{
    public static void Main()
    {
       Run test = new Run();
       test.SerializeObject("Override.xml");
       test.DeserializeObject("Override.xml");
    }

    public void SerializeObject(string filename)
    {
      // To write the file, a TextWriter is required.
      TextWriter writer = new StreamWriter(filename);
      
      XmlAttributeOverrides attrOverrides = 
         new XmlAttributeOverrides();
      XmlAttributes attrs = new XmlAttributes();

      // Creates an XmlElementAttribute that overrides the Instrument type.
      XmlElementAttribute attr = new 
      XmlElementAttribute(typeof(Brass));
      attr.ElementName = "Brass";

      // Adds the element to the collection of elements.
      attrs.XmlElements.Add(attr);
      attrOverrides.Add(typeof(Orchestra), "Instruments", attrs);

      // Creates the XmlSerializer using the XmlAttributeOverrides.
      XmlSerializer s = 
      new XmlSerializer(typeof(Orchestra), attrOverrides);

      // Creates the object to serialize.
      Orchestra band = new Orchestra();
      
      // Creates an object of the derived type.
      Brass i = new Brass();
      i.Name = "Trumpet";
      i.IsValved = true;
      Instrument[] myInstruments = {i};
      band.Instruments = myInstruments;
      s.Serialize(writer,band);
      writer.Close();
   }

   public void DeserializeObject(string filename)
   {
      XmlAttributeOverrides attrOverrides = 
         new XmlAttributeOverrides();
      XmlAttributes attrs = new XmlAttributes();

      // Creates an XmlElementAttribute that override the Instrument type.
      XmlElementAttribute attr = new 
      XmlElementAttribute(typeof(Brass));
      attr.ElementName = "Brass";

      // Adds the element to the collection of elements.
      attrs.XmlElements.Add(attr);
      attrOverrides.Add(typeof(Orchestra), "Instruments", attrs);

      // Creates the XmlSerializer using the XmlAttributeOverrides.
      XmlSerializer s = 
      new XmlSerializer(typeof(Orchestra), attrOverrides);

      FileStream fs = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Open);
      Orchestra band = (Orchestra) s.Deserialize(fs);
      Console.WriteLine("Brass:");

      /* Deserializing differs from serializing. To read the 
         derived-object values, declare an object of the derived 
         type (Brass) and cast the Instrument instance to it. */
      Brass b;
      foreach(Instrument i in band.Instruments) 
      {
         b= (Brass)i;
         Console.WriteLine(
         b.Name + "\n" + 
         b.IsValved);
      }
   }
}

#using <System.Xml.dll>
#using <System.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::Xml::Serialization;
public ref class Instrument
{
public:
   String^ Name;
};

public ref class Brass: public Instrument
{
public:
   bool IsValved;
};

public ref class Orchestra
{
public:
   array<Instrument^>^Instruments;
};

void SerializeObject( String^ filename )
{
   // To write the file, a TextWriter is required.
   TextWriter^ writer = gcnew StreamWriter( filename );
   XmlAttributeOverrides^ attrOverrides = gcnew XmlAttributeOverrides;
   XmlAttributes^ attrs = gcnew XmlAttributes;

   // Creates an XmlElementAttribute that overrides the Instrument type.
   XmlElementAttribute^ attr = gcnew XmlElementAttribute( Brass::typeid );
   attr->ElementName = "Brass";

   // Adds the element to the collection of elements.
   attrs->XmlElements->Add( attr );
   attrOverrides->Add( Orchestra::typeid, "Instruments", attrs );

   // Creates the XmlSerializer using the XmlAttributeOverrides.
   XmlSerializer^ s = gcnew XmlSerializer( Orchestra::typeid,attrOverrides );

   // Creates the object to serialize.
   Orchestra^ band = gcnew Orchestra;

   // Creates an object of the derived type.
   Brass^ i = gcnew Brass;
   i->Name = "Trumpet";
   i->IsValved = true;
   array<Instrument^>^myInstruments = {i};
   band->Instruments = myInstruments;
   s->Serialize( writer, band );
   writer->Close();
}

void DeserializeObject( String^ filename )
{
   XmlAttributeOverrides^ attrOverrides = gcnew XmlAttributeOverrides;
   XmlAttributes^ attrs = gcnew XmlAttributes;

   // Creates an XmlElementAttribute that override the Instrument type.
   XmlElementAttribute^ attr = gcnew XmlElementAttribute( Brass::typeid );
   attr->ElementName = "Brass";

   // Adds the element to the collection of elements.
   attrs->XmlElements->Add( attr );
   attrOverrides->Add( Orchestra::typeid, "Instruments", attrs );

   // Creates the XmlSerializer using the XmlAttributeOverrides.
   XmlSerializer^ s = gcnew XmlSerializer( Orchestra::typeid,attrOverrides );
   FileStream^ fs = gcnew FileStream( filename,FileMode::Open );
   Orchestra^ band = dynamic_cast<Orchestra^>(s->Deserialize( fs ));
   Console::WriteLine( "Brass:" );

   /* Deserializing differs from serializing. To read the 
      derived-object values, declare an object of the derived 
      type (Brass) and cast the Instrument instance to it. */
   Brass^ b;
   System::Collections::IEnumerator^ myEnum = band->Instruments->GetEnumerator();
   while ( myEnum->MoveNext() )
   {
      Instrument^ i = safe_cast<Instrument^>(myEnum->Current);
      b = dynamic_cast<Brass^>(i);
      Console::WriteLine( "{0}\n{1}", b->Name, b->IsValved );
   }
}

int main()
{
   SerializeObject( "Override.xml" );
   DeserializeObject( "Override.xml" );
}

import System.*;
import System.IO.*;
import System.Xml.Serialization.*;

public class Orchestra
{
    public Instrument instruments[];
} //Orchestra

public class Instrument
{
    public String name;
} //Instrument

public class Brass extends Instrument
{
    public boolean isValved;
} //Brass

public class Run
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Run test = new Run();
        test.SerializeObject("Override.xml");
        test.DeserializeObject("Override.xml");
    } //main

    public void SerializeObject(String fileName)
    {
        // To write the file, a TextWriter is required.
        TextWriter writer = new StreamWriter(fileName);
        XmlAttributeOverrides attrOverrides = new XmlAttributeOverrides();
        XmlAttributes attrs = new XmlAttributes();

        // Creates an XmlElementAttribute that overrides the Instrument type.
        XmlElementAttribute attr =
            new XmlElementAttribute(Brass.class.ToType());
        attr.set_ElementName("Brass");

        // Adds the element to the collection of elements.
        attrs.get_XmlElements().Add(attr);
        attrOverrides.Add(Orchestra.class.ToType(), "instruments", attrs);

        // Creates the XmlSerializer using the XmlAttributeOverrides.
        XmlSerializer s =
            new XmlSerializer(Orchestra.class.ToType(), attrOverrides);

        // Creates the object to serialize.
        Orchestra band = new Orchestra();

        // Creates an object of the derived type.
        Brass i = new Brass();
        i.name = "Trumpet";
        i.isValved = true;
        Instrument myInstruments[] = { i };
        band.instruments = myInstruments;
        s.Serialize(writer, band);
        writer.Close();
    } //SerializeObject

    public void DeserializeObject(String fileName)
    {
        XmlAttributeOverrides attrOverrides = new XmlAttributeOverrides();
        XmlAttributes attrs = new XmlAttributes();

        // Creates an XmlElementAttribute that override the Instrument type.
        XmlElementAttribute attr =
            new XmlElementAttribute(Brass.class.ToType());
        attr.set_ElementName("Brass");

        // Adds the element to the collection of elements.
        attrs.get_XmlElements().Add(attr);
        attrOverrides.Add(Orchestra.class.ToType(), "instruments", attrs);

        // Creates the XmlSerializer using the XmlAttributeOverrides.
        XmlSerializer s =
            new XmlSerializer(Orchestra.class.ToType(), attrOverrides);
        FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open);
        Orchestra band = (Orchestra)s.Deserialize(fs);

        Console.WriteLine("Brass:");

        /* Deserializing differs from serializing. To read the 
           derived-object values, declare an object of the derived 
           type (Brass) and cast the Instrument instance to it. */

        Brass b;
        for (int iCtr = 0; iCtr < band.instruments.length; iCtr++) {
            Instrument i = band.instruments[iCtr];
            b = (Brass)i;
            Console.WriteLine(b.name + "\n" + Convert.ToString(b.isValved));
        }
    } //DeserializeObject
} //Run

Plattformen

Windows 98, Windows 2000 SP4, Windows CE, Windows Millennium Edition, Windows Mobile für Pocket PC, Windows Mobile für Smartphone, Windows Server 2003, Windows XP Media Center Edition, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, Windows XP SP2, Windows XP Starter Edition

.NET Framework unterstützt nicht alle Versionen sämtlicher Plattformen. Eine Liste der unterstützten Versionen finden Sie unter Systemanforderungen.

Versionsinformationen

.NET Framework

Unterstützt in: 2.0, 1.1, 1.0

.NET Compact Framework

Unterstützt in: 2.0, 1.0

Siehe auch

Referenz

XmlElementAttribute-Klasse
XmlElementAttribute-Member
System.Xml.Serialization-Namespace