Email Address test cases
I've been on many teams in my whole testing career, and for some reason, I always end up getting assigned to validate the email address field. So after numerous times of hunting down my old email test cases from previous team, I am giving up. I thought I am just going to list out all of them here out on the internet. I know that I probably going to have to refer to this list again and again in the future. Might as well help benefit others like me.
Here is the list of valid and invalid email format which can be used for testing. The list is not comprehensive by any means, and is probably missing a bunch of edge cases. However, it provides enough coverage for the majority of the allowed/disallowed email address according to RFC 2822.
BTW, if anyone else would like to contribute more cases to this list, or spot errors (fingers crossed), please feel free to let me know and I'll make sure the list is up-to-date.
| Valid Email address | Reason |
| email@domain.com | Valid email |
| firstname.lastname@domain.com | Email contains dot in the address field |
| email@subdomain.domain.com | Email contains dot with subdomain |
| firstname+lastname@domain.com | Plus sign is considered valid character |
| email@123.123.123.123 | Domain is valid IP address |
| email@[123.123.123.123] | Square bracket around IP address is considered valid |
| "email"@domain.com | Quotes around email is considered valid |
| 1234567890@domain.com | Digits in address are valid |
| email@domain-one.com | Dash in domain name is valid |
| _______@domain.com | Underscore in the address field is valid |
| email@domain.name | .name is valid Top Level Domain name |
| email@domain.co.jp | Dot in Top Level Domain name also considered valid (use co.jp as example here) |
| firstname-lastname@domain.com | Dash in address field is valid |
| Invalid Email address | Reason |
| plainaddress | Missing @ sign and domain |
| #@%^%#$@#$@#.com | Garbage |
| @domain.com | Missing username |
| Joe Smith <email@domain.com> | Encoded html within email is invalid |
| email.domain.com | Missing @ |
| email@domain@domain.com | Two @ sign |
| .email@domain.com | Leading dot in address is not allowed |
| email.@domain.com | Trailing dot in address is not allowed |
| email..email@domain.com | Multiple dots |
| あいうえお@domain.com | Unicode char as address |
| email@domain.com (Joe Smith) | Text followed email is not allowed |
| email@domain | Missing top level domain (.com/.net/.org/etc) |
| email@-domain.com | Leading dash in front of domain is invalid |
| email@domain.web | .web is not a valid top level domain |
| email@111.222.333.44444 | Invalid IP format |
| email@domain..com | Multiple dot in the domain portion is invalid |
Contributors
List of people who help contribute to help solidify the cases
Avdhut
Comments
Anonymous
February 05, 2009
You forget 4 letter TLD's. Like .name ... I am saying this because often my email address does not get validated.Anonymous
February 05, 2009
Valid email address: firstname-lastname@domain.com -- dash in username is valid (e.g. is valid for Windows Live ID).Anonymous
February 06, 2009
Many thanks to both of you @gabriel.lozano-moran and @bernie halpin I have added more valid cases into the list above. Social test casing at its best. :-)Anonymous
February 15, 2009
Hay Chan, Is there any validation for the limit of numbers of dots present in the email domain? Thanks, AvdhutAnonymous
February 23, 2009
The comment has been removedAnonymous
April 02, 2009
It is very useful for me------- ThanksAnonymous
June 02, 2009
I took over some unimpressive code that mostly worked. That said, the one thing that didn't work were email inputs like this: Email: me@home.com, me@work.com That is, two valid email addresses in one email input; usually this is bad.Anonymous
June 02, 2009
The comment has been removedAnonymous
July 27, 2009
Hi Pals, I am very very happy and impresses by seeing these comments and blogs regarding testing , and i would like to request you people to give a bit information regarding "URL" validations ,which can help me in my testing life. Email : nandhu28@ymail.com Regards, NandhuAnonymous
November 09, 2009
what above mentioned are common for all email promoters?Anonymous
March 04, 2010
According to RFC 5322 Single quotes are valid for the first part of the email address, but many web applications fail this test even though it is quite common in corporate mail systems. ie. Jim.O'Shea@domain.comAnonymous
April 21, 2010
Can u give me calendar test caseAnonymous
June 30, 2010
The comment has been removedAnonymous
June 30, 2010
Hi, I've checked for this email id : あいうえお@domain.com - Unicode char as address If the DB is having Unicode char support, it is accepted. If I'm wrong correct me... Thanks, PratikshaAnonymous
December 16, 2010
email@domain.museum Reason: 6-letter TLD is valid.Anonymous
February 08, 2011
Refer below mentioned URL: en.wikipedia.org/.../Email_addressAnonymous
February 13, 2011
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Anonymous
April 25, 2011
shail@gmail.com. is a Invalid ID !Anonymous
May 26, 2011
Useful and concise. Thanks for sharing!Anonymous
May 30, 2011
It was really help for unknown persons.....Thanks a lot....Anonymous
July 03, 2011
The reasoning given in the table is that it is not a valid IP address - true, but it is valid domain address if you do not include TLD testing - 44444 is not a valid top level domain, otherwise this address would be valid.Anonymous
September 21, 2011
The comment has been removedAnonymous
March 26, 2012
email@domain.web email@-domain.com is valid format or not ??Anonymous
April 03, 2012
The comment has been removedAnonymous
June 13, 2012
_______@domain.com Is This Really Valid Email Address???????????Anonymous
September 27, 2012
".web is not a valid top level domain" it can be, and it might be in the future and its still a valid email address if you use it.Anonymous
April 05, 2013
The comment has been removedAnonymous
April 20, 2013
(Space)Firstname@domain.com Reason : space not allowed. Thank you.Anonymous
June 23, 2013
This is amazing sharing. Thank you very muchAnonymous
July 26, 2013
Can anyone tell me the Regular Expression validation to validate all above emails?Anonymous
November 12, 2013
The comment has been removedAnonymous
November 22, 2013
The Internet email message format is now defined by RFC 5322 en.wikipedia.org/.../RFC_2822Anonymous
March 10, 2014
Hey, I guess あいうえお@domain.com is valid email id. Please refer the below link en.wikipedia.org/.../International_email tools.ietf.org/.../rfc5335Anonymous
April 24, 2014
It's really useful notes while testing any forms having email address.Anonymous
April 28, 2014
Simply fabulous. Thanx for providing such info.Anonymous
July 23, 2014
The comment has been removedAnonymous
January 15, 2015
Regular Expression for the above scenario var re = /^w+([.-]?w+)@w+([.-]?w+)(.w{2,3})+$/; http://jsfiddle.net/AkuXC/403/Anonymous
March 09, 2015
The comment has been removedAnonymous
March 10, 2015
Hi Chan , I came across online email/domain validation URL are accepting gg@gg.ZZZZ.com and email ids like this combination. Even online E-commerce sites are accepting this id. if sign up with this id you can directly get signed up. Do you have any idea regarding this ?Anonymous
March 29, 2015
The comment has been removedAnonymous
March 30, 2015
en.wikipedia.org/.../Email_addressAnonymous
May 10, 2015
The comment has been removedAnonymous
August 20, 2015
_______@domain.com This is not valid email because RFC 3696 tools.ietf.org/.../rfc3696 requires: "Without quotes, local-parts may consist of any combination of alphabetic characters, digits, or any of the special characters ! # $ % & ' * + - / = ? ^ _ ` . { | } ~ period (".") may also appear, but may not be used to start or end the local part, nor may two or more consecutive periods appear." Correct, please, the table "Valid Email address".Anonymous
September 02, 2015
Can Comma (,) be used in email address?Anonymous
December 08, 2015
Is '' valid in this emailid 'testw@a.com' ?