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Bulk Insert Task

  • Článek

Applies to: SQL Server SSIS Integration Runtime in Azure Data Factory

The Bulk Insert task provides an efficient way to copy large amounts of data into a SQL Server table or view. For example, suppose your company stores its million-row product list on a mainframe system, but the company's e-commerce system uses SQL Server to populate Web pages. You must update the SQL Server product table nightly with the master product list from the mainframe. To update the table, you save the product list in a tab-delimited format and use the Bulk Insert task to copy the data directly into the SQL Server table.

To ensure high-speed data copying, transformations cannot be performed on the data while it is moving from the source file to the table or view.

Usage Considerations

Before you use the Bulk Insert task, consider the following:

  • The Bulk Insert task can transfer data only from a text file into a SQL Server table or view. To use the Bulk Insert task to transfer data from other database management systems (DBMSs), you must export the data from the source to a text file and then import the data from the text file into a SQL Server table or view.

  • The destination must be a table or view in a SQL Server database. If the destination table or view already contains data, the new data is appended to the existing data when the Bulk Insert task runs. If you want to replace the data, run an Execute SQL task that runs a DELETE or TRUNCATE statement before you run the Bulk Insert task. For more information, see Execute SQL Task.

  • You can use a format file in the Bulk Insert task object. If you have a format file that was created by the bcp utility, you can specify its path in the Bulk Insert task. The Bulk Insert task supports both XML and nonXML format files. For more information about format files, see Format Files for Importing or Exporting Data (SQL Server).

  • Only members of the sysadmin fixed server role can run a package that contains a Bulk Insert task.

Bulk Insert Task with Transactions

If a batch size is not set, the complete bulk copy operation is treated as one transaction. A batch size of 0 indicates that the data is inserted in one batch. If a batch size is set, each batch represents a transaction that is committed when the batch finishes running.

The behavior of the Bulk Insert task, as it relates to transactions, depends on whether the task joins the package transaction. If the Bulk Insert task does not join the package transaction, each error-free batch is committed as a unit before the next batch is tried. If the Bulk Insert task joins the package transaction, error-free batches remain in the transaction at the conclusion of the task. These batches are subject to the commit or rollback operation of the package.

A failure in the Bulk Insert task does not automatically roll back successfully loaded batches; similarly, if the task succeeds, batches are not automatically committed. Commit and rollback operations occur only in response to package and workflow property settings.

Source and Destination

When you specify the location of the text source file, consider the following:

  • The server must have permission to access both the file and the destination database.

  • The server runs the Bulk Insert task. Therefore, any format file that the task uses must be located on the server.

  • The source file that the Bulk Insert task loads can be on the same server as the SQL Server database into which data is inserted, or on a remote server. If the file is on a remote server, you must specify the file name using the Universal Naming Convention (UNC) name in the path.

Performance Optimization

To optimize performance, consider the following:

  • If the text file is located on the same computer as the SQL Server database into which data is inserted, the copy operation occurs at an even faster rate because the data is not moved over the network.

  • The Bulk Insert task does not log error-causing rows. If you must capture this information, use the error outputs of data flow components to capture error-causing rows in an exception file.

Custom Log Entries Available on the Bulk Insert Task

The following table lists the custom log entries for the Bulk Insert task. For more information, see Integration Services (SSIS) Logging.

Log entry Description
BulkInsertTaskBegin Indicates that the bulk insert began.
BulkInsertTaskEnd Indicates that the bulk insert finished.
BulkInsertTaskInfos Provides descriptive information about the task.

Bulk Insert Task Configuration

You can configure the Bulk Insert task in the following ways:

  • Specify the OLE DB connection manager to connect to the destination SQL Server database and the table or view into which data is inserted. The Bulk Insert task supports only OLE DB connections for the destination database.

  • Specify the File or Flat File connection manager to access the source file. The Bulk Insert task uses the connection manager only for the location of the source file. The task ignores other options that you select in the connection manager editor.

  • Define the format that is used by the Bulk Insert task, either by using a format file or by defining the column and row delimiters of the source data. If using a format file, specify the File connection manager to access the format file.

  • Specify actions to perform on the destination table or view when the task inserts the data. The options include whether to check constraints, enable identity inserts, keep nulls, fire triggers, or lock the table.

  • Provide information about the batch of data to insert, such as the batch size, the first and last row from the file to insert, the number of insert errors that can occur before the task stops inserting rows, and the names of the columns that will be sorted.

If the Bulk Insert task uses a Flat File connection manager to access the source file, the task does not use the format specified in the Flat File connection manager. Instead, the Bulk Insert task uses either the format specified in a format file, or the values of the RowDelimiter and ColumnDelimiter properties of the task.

You can set properties through SSIS Designer or programmatically.

For more information about the properties that you can set in SSIS Designer, click the following topic:

For more information about how to set these properties in SSIS Designer, click the following topic:

Programmatic Configuration of the Bulk Insert Task

For more information about programmatically setting these properties, click the following topic:

Set the Properties of a Task or Container

Related Content

Bulk Insert Task Editor (Connection Page)

Use the Connection page of the Bulk Insert Task Editor dialog box to specify the source and destination of the bulk insert operation and the format to use.

To learn about working with bulk inserts, see Bulk Insert Task and Format Files for Importing or Exporting Data (SQL Server).

Options

Connection
Select an OLE DB connection manager in the list, or click <New connection...> to create a new connection.

Related Topics: OLE DB Connection Manager

DestinationTable
Type the name of the destination table or view or select a table or view in the list.

Format
Select the source of the format for the bulk insert. This property has the options listed in the following table.

Value Description
Use File Select a file containing the format specification. Selecting this option displays the dynamic option, FormatFile.
Specify Specify the format. Selecting this option displays the dynamic options, RowDelimiter and ColumnDelimiter.

File
Select a File or Flat File connection manager in the list, or click <New connection...> to create a new connection.

The file location is relative to the SQL Server Database Engine specified in the connection manager for this task. The text file must be accessible by the SQL Server Database Engine either on a local hard drive on the server, or via a share or mapped drive to the SQL Server. The file is not accessed by the SSIS Runtime.

If you access the source file by using a Flat File connection manager, the Bulk Insert task does not use the format specified in the Flat File connection manager. Instead, the Bulk Insert task uses either the format specified in a format file or the values of the RowDelimiter and ColumnDelimiter properties of the task.

Related Topics: File Connection Manager, Flat File Connection Manager

Refresh Tables
Refresh the list of tables and views.

Format Dynamic Options

Format = Use File

FormatFile
Type the path of the format file or click the ellipsis button (...) to locate the format file.

Format = Specify

RowDelimiter
Specify the row delimiter in the source file. The default value is {CR}{LF}.

ColumnDelimiter
Specify the column delimiter in the source file. The default is Tab.

Bulk Insert Task Editor (General Page)

Use the General page of the Bulk Insert Task Editor dialog box to name and describe the Bulk Insert task.

Options

Name
Provide a unique name for the Bulk Insert task. This name is used as the label in the task icon.

Note

Task names must be unique within a package.

Description
Type a description of the Bulk Insert task.

Bulk Insert Task Editor (Options Page)

Use the Options page of the Bulk Insert Task Editor dialog box to set properties for the bulk insert operation. The Bulk Insert task copies large amounts of data into a Microsoft SQL Server table or view.

To learn about working with bulk inserts, see Bulk Insert Task and BULK INSERT (Transact-SQL).

Options

CodePage
Specify the code page of the data in the data file.

DataFileType
Specify the data-type value to use in the load operation.

BatchSize
Specify the number of rows in a batch. The default is the entire data file. If you set BatchSize to zero, the data is loaded in a single batch.

LastRow
Specify the last row to copy.

FirstRow
Specify the first row from which to start copying.

Options

Term Definition
Check constraints Select to check the table and column constraints.
Keep nulls Select to retain null values during the bulk insert operation, instead of inserting any default values for empty columns.
Enable identity insert Select to insert existing values into an identity column.
Table lock Select to lock the table during the bulk insert.
Fire triggers Select to fire any insert, update, or delete triggers on the table.

SortedData
Specify the ORDER BY clause in the bulk insert statement. The column name that you supply must be a valid column in the destination table. The default is false. This means that the data is not sorted by an ORDER BY clause.

MaxErrors
Specify the maximum number of errors that can occur before the bulk insert operation is canceled. A value of 0 indicates that an infinite number of errors are allowed.

Note

Each row that cannot be imported by the bulk load operation is counted as one error.