Beispiel für einen Access-Siteübersichtsanbieter
Aktualisiert: November 2007
Veranschaulicht einen vollständigen Access-basierten Siteübersichtsanbieter.
Beispiel
Beschreibung
Das folgende Code-Beispiel zeigt, wie die StaticSiteMapProvider-Klasse erweitert werden kann, um Microsoft Access als Siteübersichtsanbieter zu verwenden. Dieser Siteübersichtsanbieter vewendet .NET Framework Data Provider für OLE DB, um die Verbindung zu einer Access-Datenbank herzustellen.
Code
Imports System
Imports System.Collections
Imports System.Collections.Specialized
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Data.OleDb
Imports System.Security.Permissions
Imports System.Web
Namespace Samples.AspNet.VB.Controls
' An extremely simple AccessSiteMapProvider that only supports a
' site map node hierarchy one level deep.
<AspNetHostingPermission(SecurityAction.Demand, Level:=AspNetHostingPermissionLevel.Minimal)> _
Public Class AccessSiteMapProvider
Inherits StaticSiteMapProvider
Private aRootNode As SiteMapNode = Nothing
Private accessConnection As OleDbConnection = Nothing
' This string is case sensitive.
Private AccessConnectionStringName As String = "accessSiteMapConnectionString"
' Implement a default constructor.
Public Sub New()
End Sub 'New
' Some basic state to help track the initialization state of the provider.
Private initialized As Boolean = False
Public Overridable ReadOnly Property IsInitialized() As Boolean
Get
Return initialized
End Get
End Property
' Return the root node of the current site map.
Public Overrides ReadOnly Property RootNode() As SiteMapNode
Get
Return BuildSiteMap()
End Get
End Property
Protected Overrides Function GetRootNodeCore() As SiteMapNode
Return RootNode
End Function
' Initialize is used to initialize the properties and any state that the
' AccessProvider holds, but is not used to build the site map.
' The site map is built when the BuildSiteMap method is called.
Public Overrides Sub Initialize(ByVal name As String, ByVal attributes As NameValueCollection)
If IsInitialized Then
Return
End If
MyBase.Initialize(name, attributes)
' Create and test the connection to the Microsoft Access database.
' Retrieve the Value of the Access connection string from the
' attributes NameValueCollection.
Dim connectionString As String = attributes(AccessConnectionStringName)
If Nothing = connectionString OrElse connectionString.Length = 0 Then
Throw New Exception("The connection string was not found.")
Else
accessConnection = New OleDbConnection(connectionString)
End If
initialized = True
End Sub 'Initialize
' SiteMapProvider and StaticSiteMapProvider methods that this derived class must override.
'
' Clean up any collections or other state that an instance of this may hold.
Protected Overrides Sub Clear()
SyncLock Me
aRootNode = Nothing
MyBase.Clear()
End SyncLock
End Sub 'Clear
' Build an in-memory representation from persistent
' storage, and return the root node of the site map.
Public Overrides Function BuildSiteMap() As SiteMapNode
' Since the SiteMap class is static, make sure that it is
' not modified while the site map is built.
SyncLock Me
' If there is no initialization, this method is being
' called out of order.
If Not IsInitialized Then
Throw New Exception("BuildSiteMap called incorrectly.")
End If
' If there is no root node, then there is no site map.
If aRootNode Is Nothing Then
' Start with a clean slate
Clear()
' Select the root node of the site map from Microsoft Access.
Dim rootNodeId As Integer = -1
If accessConnection.State = ConnectionState.Closed Then
accessConnection.Open()
End If
Dim rootNodeCommand As New OleDbCommand("SELECT nodeid, url, name FROM SiteMap WHERE parentnodeid IS NULL", accessConnection)
Dim rootNodeReader As OleDbDataReader = rootNodeCommand.ExecuteReader()
If rootNodeReader.HasRows Then
rootNodeReader.Read()
rootNodeId = rootNodeReader.GetInt32(0)
' Create a SiteMapNode that references the current StaticSiteMapProvider.
aRootNode = New SiteMapNode(Me, rootNodeId.ToString(), rootNodeReader.GetString(1), rootNodeReader.GetString(2))
Else
Return Nothing
End If
rootNodeReader.Close()
' Select the child nodes of the root node.
Dim childNodesCommand As New OleDbCommand("SELECT nodeid, url, name FROM SiteMap WHERE parentnodeid = ?", accessConnection)
Dim rootParam As New OleDbParameter("parentid", OleDbType.Integer)
rootParam.Value = rootNodeId
childNodesCommand.Parameters.Add(rootParam)
Dim childNodesReader As OleDbDataReader = childNodesCommand.ExecuteReader()
If childNodesReader.HasRows Then
Dim childNode As SiteMapNode = Nothing
While childNodesReader.Read()
childNode = New SiteMapNode(Me, _
childNodesReader.GetInt32(0).ToString(), _
childNodesReader.GetString(1), _
childNodesReader.GetString(2))
' Use the SiteMapNode AddNode method to add
' the SiteMapNode to the ChildNodes collection.
AddNode(childNode, aRootNode)
End While
End If
childNodesReader.Close()
accessConnection.Close()
End If
Return aRootNode
End SyncLock
End Function 'BuildSiteMap
End Class 'AccessSiteMapProvider
End Namespace
namespace Samples.AspNet.CS.Controls {
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.Security.Permissions;
using System.Web;
/// An extremely simple AccessSiteMapProvider that only supports a
/// site map node hierarchy 1 level deep.
[AspNetHostingPermission(SecurityAction.Demand, Level=AspNetHostingPermissionLevel.Minimal)]
public class AccessSiteMapProvider : StaticSiteMapProvider
{
private SiteMapNode rootNode = null;
private OleDbConnection accessConnection = null;
// This string is case sensitive.
private string AccessConnectionStringName = "accessSiteMapConnectionString";
// Implement a default constructor.
public AccessSiteMapProvider () { }
// Some basic state to help track the initialization state of the provider.
private bool initialized = false;
public virtual bool IsInitialized {
get {
return initialized;
}
}
// Return the root node of the current site map.
public override SiteMapNode RootNode {
get {
SiteMapNode temp = null;
temp = BuildSiteMap();
return temp;
}
}
protected override SiteMapNode GetRootNodeCore() {
return RootNode;
}
// Initialize is used to initialize the properties and any state that the
// AccessProvider holds, but is not used to build the site map.
// The site map is built when the BuildSiteMap method is called.
public override void Initialize(string name, NameValueCollection attributes) {
if (IsInitialized)
return;
base.Initialize(name, attributes);
// Create and test the connection to the Microsoft Access database.
// Retrieve the Value of the Access connection string from the
// attributes NameValueCollection.
string connectionString = attributes[AccessConnectionStringName];
if (null == connectionString || connectionString.Length == 0)
throw new Exception ("The connection string was not found.");
else
accessConnection = new OleDbConnection(connectionString);
initialized = true;
}
///
/// SiteMapProvider and StaticSiteMapProvider methods that this derived class must override.
///
// Clean up any collections or other state that an instance of this may hold.
protected override void Clear() {
lock (this) {
rootNode = null;
base.Clear();
}
}
// Build an in-memory representation from persistent
// storage, and return the root node of the site map.
public override SiteMapNode BuildSiteMap() {
// Since the SiteMap class is static, make sure that it is
// not modified while the site map is built.
lock(this) {
// If there is no initialization, this method is being
// called out of order.
if (! IsInitialized) {
throw new Exception("BuildSiteMap called incorrectly.");
}
// If there is no root node, then there is no site map.
if (null == rootNode) {
// Start with a clean slate
Clear();
// Select the root node of the site map from Microsoft Access.
int rootNodeId = -1;
if (accessConnection.State == ConnectionState.Closed)
accessConnection.Open();
OleDbCommand rootNodeCommand =
new OleDbCommand("SELECT nodeid, url, name FROM SiteMap WHERE parentnodeid IS NULL",
accessConnection);
OleDbDataReader rootNodeReader = rootNodeCommand.ExecuteReader();
if(rootNodeReader.HasRows) {
rootNodeReader.Read();
rootNodeId = rootNodeReader.GetInt32(0);
// Create a SiteMapNode that references the current StaticSiteMapProvider.
rootNode = new SiteMapNode(this,
rootNodeId.ToString(),
rootNodeReader.GetString(1),
rootNodeReader.GetString(2));
}
else return null;
rootNodeReader.Close();
// Select the child nodes of the root node.
OleDbCommand childNodesCommand =
new OleDbCommand("SELECT nodeid, url, name FROM SiteMap WHERE parentnodeid = ?",
accessConnection);
OleDbParameter rootParam = new OleDbParameter("parentid", OleDbType.Integer);
rootParam.Value = rootNodeId;
childNodesCommand.Parameters.Add(rootParam);
OleDbDataReader childNodesReader = childNodesCommand.ExecuteReader();
if (childNodesReader.HasRows) {
SiteMapNode childNode = null;
while(childNodesReader.Read()) {
childNode = new SiteMapNode(this,
childNodesReader.GetInt32(0).ToString(),
childNodesReader.GetString(1),
childNodesReader.GetString(2));
// Use the SiteMapNode AddNode method to add
// the SiteMapNode to the ChildNodes collection.
AddNode(childNode, rootNode);
}
}
childNodesReader.Close();
accessConnection.Close();
}
return rootNode;
}
}
}
}
#using <System.Data.dll>
#using <System.Transactions.dll>
#using <System.EnterpriseServices.dll>
#using <System.dll>
#using <System.Web.dll>
#using <System.Configuration.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;
using namespace System::Collections::Specialized;
using namespace System::Configuration;
using namespace System::Data;
using namespace System::Data::OleDb;
using namespace System::Security::Permissions;
using namespace System::Web;
/// An extremely simple AccessSiteMapProvider that only supports a
/// site map node hierarchy 1 level deep.
[AspNetHostingPermission(SecurityAction::Demand,Level=AspNetHostingPermissionLevel::Minimal)]
public ref class AccessSiteMapProvider: public StaticSiteMapProvider
{
private:
SiteMapNode ^ rootNode;
OleDbConnection^ accessConnection;
// This string is case sensitive.
String^ AccessConnectionStringName;
public:
// Implement a default constructor.
AccessSiteMapProvider()
{
initialized = false;
AccessConnectionStringName = "accessSiteMapConnectionString";
}
private:
// Some basic state to help track the initialization state of the provider.
bool initialized;
public:
property bool IsInitialized
{
virtual bool get()
{
return initialized;
}
}
property SiteMapNode ^ RootNode
{
// Return the root node of the current site map.
virtual SiteMapNode ^ get() override
{
SiteMapNode ^ temp = nullptr;
temp = BuildSiteMap();
return temp;
}
}
protected:
virtual SiteMapNode ^ GetRootNodeCore() override
{
return RootNode;
}
public:
// Initialize is used to initialize the properties and any state that the
// AccessProvider holds, but is not used to build the site map.
// The site map is built when the BuildSiteMap method is called.
virtual void Initialize( String^ name, NameValueCollection^ attributes ) override
{
if ( IsInitialized )
return;
StaticSiteMapProvider::Initialize( name, attributes );
// Create and test the connection to the Microsoft Access database.
// Retrieve the Value of the Access connection string from the
// attributes NameValueCollection.
String^ connectionString = attributes[ AccessConnectionStringName ];
if ( nullptr == connectionString || connectionString->Length == 0 )
throw gcnew Exception( "The connection string was not found." );
else
accessConnection = gcnew OleDbConnection( connectionString );
initialized = true;
}
protected:
///
/// SiteMapProvider and StaticSiteMapProvider methods that this derived class must override.
///
// Clean up any collections or other state that an instance of this may hold.
virtual void Clear() override
{
System::Threading::Monitor::Enter( this );
try
{
rootNode = nullptr;
StaticSiteMapProvider::Clear();
}
finally
{
System::Threading::Monitor::Exit( this );
}
}
public:
// Build an in-memory representation from persistent
// storage, and return the root node of the site map.
virtual SiteMapNode ^ BuildSiteMap() override
{
// Since the SiteMap class is static, make sure that it is
// not modified while the site map is built.
System::Threading::Monitor::Enter( this );
try
{
// If there is no initialization, this method is being
// called out of order.
if ( !IsInitialized )
{
throw gcnew Exception( "BuildSiteMap called incorrectly." );
}
// If there is no root node, then there is no site map.
if ( nullptr == rootNode )
{
// Start with a clean slate
Clear();
// Select the root node of the site map from Microsoft Access.
int rootNodeId = -1;
if ( accessConnection->State == ConnectionState::Closed )
accessConnection->Open();
OleDbCommand^ rootNodeCommand = gcnew OleDbCommand
("SELECT nodeid, url, name FROM SiteMap WHERE parentnodeid IS NULL", accessConnection);
OleDbDataReader^ rootNodeReader = rootNodeCommand->ExecuteReader();
if ( rootNodeReader->HasRows )
{
rootNodeReader->Read();
rootNodeId = rootNodeReader->GetInt32( 0 );
// Create a SiteMapNode that references the current StaticSiteMapProvider.
rootNode = gcnew SiteMapNode(this, rootNodeId.ToString(),
rootNodeReader->GetString( 1 ),rootNodeReader->GetString( 2 ));
}
else
return nullptr;
rootNodeReader->Close();
// Select the child nodes of the root node.
OleDbCommand^ childNodesCommand = gcnew OleDbCommand
("SELECT nodeid, url, name FROM SiteMap WHERE parentnodeid = ?", accessConnection);
OleDbParameter^ rootParam = gcnew OleDbParameter( "parentid", OleDbType::Integer);
rootParam->Value = rootNodeId;
childNodesCommand->Parameters->Add( rootParam );
OleDbDataReader^ childNodesReader = childNodesCommand->ExecuteReader();
if ( childNodesReader->HasRows )
{
SiteMapNode ^ childNode = nullptr;
while ( childNodesReader->Read() )
{
childNode = gcnew SiteMapNode( this,
System::Convert::ToString(childNodesReader->GetInt32( 0 )),
childNodesReader->GetString( 1 ),
childNodesReader->GetString( 2 )
);
// Use the SiteMapNode AddNode method to add
// the SiteMapNode to the ChildNodes collection.
AddNode( childNode, rootNode );
}
}
childNodesReader->Close();
accessConnection->Close();
}
return rootNode;
}
finally
{
System::Threading::Monitor::Exit( this );
}
}
};
package Samples.AspNet.JSL;
import System.*;
import System.Collections.*;
import System.Collections.Specialized.*;
import System.Data.*;
import System.Data.OleDb.*;
import System.Web.*;
import System.Configuration.*;
/// An extremely simple AccessSiteMapProvider that only supports a
/// site map node hierarchy 1 level deep.
public class AccessSiteMapProvider extends StaticSiteMapProvider
{
private SiteMapNode rootNode = null;
private OleDbConnection accessConnection = null;
// This string is case sensitive.
public String accessConnectionStringName = "accessSiteMapConnectionString";
// Implement a default constructor.
public AccessSiteMapProvider()
{
} //AccessSiteMapProvider
// Some basic state to help track the initialization state of the provider.
private boolean initialized = false;
/** @property
*/
public boolean get_IsInitialized()
{
return initialized;
} //get_IsInitized.
// Return the root node of the current site map.
/** @property
*/
public SiteMapNode get_RootNode() throws Exception
{
SiteMapNode temp = null;
temp = BuildSiteMap();
return temp;
} //get_RootNode
// Initialize is used to initialize the properties and any state that the
// AccessProvider holds, but is not used to build the site map.
// The site map is built when the BuildSiteMap method is called.
public void Initialize(String name, NameValueCollection attributes)
throws Exception
{
if (get_IsInitialized())
{
return;
}
super.Initialize(name, attributes);
// Create and test the connection to the Microsoft Access database.
// Retrieve the Value of the Access connection string from the
// attributes NameValueCollection.
String connectionString = attributes.get_Item(
accessConnectionStringName);
if (null == connectionString || connectionString.get_Length() == 0)
{
throw new Exception("The connection string was not found.");
}
else
{
accessConnection = new OleDbConnection(connectionString);
}
initialized = true;
} //Initialize
///
/// SiteMapProvider and StaticSiteMapProvider methods that this
/// derived class must override.
///
// Clean up any collections or other state that an instance of this may hold.
protected void Clear()
{
synchronized (this)
{
rootNode = null;
super.Clear();
}
} //Clear
// Build an in-memory representation from persistent
// storage, and return the root node of the site map.
public SiteMapNode BuildSiteMap() throws Exception
{
// Since the SiteMap class is static, make sure that it is
// not modified while the site map is built.
synchronized (this)
{
// If there is no initialization, this method is being
// called out of order.
if (!get_IsInitialized())
{
throw new Exception("BuildSiteMap called incorrectly.");
}
// If there is no root node, then there is no site map.
if (null == rootNode)
{
// Start with a clean slate
Clear();
// Select the root node of the site map from Microsoft Access.
int rootNodeId = -1;
if (accessConnection.get_State().Equals(ConnectionState.Closed))
{
accessConnection.Open();
}
OleDbCommand rootNodeCommand = new OleDbCommand(
"SELECT nodeid, url, name FROM SiteMap WHERE "
+ "parentnodeid IS NULL", accessConnection);
OleDbDataReader rootNodeReader = rootNodeCommand.ExecuteReader();
if (rootNodeReader.get_HasRows())
{
rootNodeReader.Read();
rootNodeId = rootNodeReader.GetInt32(0);
// Create a SiteMapNode that references the current
// StaticSiteMapProvider.
rootNode = new SiteMapNode(this,
((Int32)rootNodeId).ToString(), rootNodeReader.
GetString(1), rootNodeReader.GetString(2));
}
else
{
return null;
}
rootNodeReader.Close();
// Select the child nodes of the root node.
OleDbCommand childNodesCommand = new OleDbCommand(
"SELECT nodeid, url, name FROM SiteMap WHERE "
+ "parentnodeid = ?", accessConnection);
OleDbParameter rootParam = new OleDbParameter("parentid",
OleDbType.Integer);
rootParam.set_Value((Int32)rootNodeId);
childNodesCommand.get_Parameters().Add(rootParam);
OleDbDataReader childNodesReader = childNodesCommand.
ExecuteReader();
if (childNodesReader.get_HasRows())
{
SiteMapNode childNode = null;
while (childNodesReader.Read())
{
childNode = new SiteMapNode(this,
Convert.ToString(childNodesReader.GetInt32(0)),
childNodesReader.GetString(1),
childNodesReader.GetString(2));
// Use the SiteMapNode AddNode method to add
// the SiteMapNode to the ChildNodes collection.
AddNode(childNode, rootNode);
}
}
childNodesReader.Close();
accessConnection.Close();
}
return rootNode;
}
} //BuildSiteMap
protected SiteMapNode GetRootNodeCore()
{
return null;
} //GetRootNodeCore
} //AccessSiteMapProvider
Kommentare
Führen Sie folgende Datendefinitionsabfrage in einer neuen oder bereits vorhandenen Access-Datenbank aus, um die Access-Tabelle zu erstellen, die im vorherigen Code-Beispiel als Datenspeicher für die Siteübersicht verwendet wird. Speichern Sie anschließend die Access-Datenbank unter dem Dateinamen Sitemap.mdb.
CREATE TABLE SiteMap
(
URL Text (255) UNIQUE,
NAME Text (255) NOT NULL,
PARENTNODEID Int32,
CONSTRAINT NODEID PRIMARY KEY (URL, NAME)
)
Tragen Sie folgende Arten von Daten in die Tabelle ein, wobei Sie Dateien auflisten, die sich in Ihrer Website befinden oder die Sie erstellen können. Die folgende Tabelle zeigt ein Beispiel einer Dateiauflistung an.
NODEID |
URL |
NAME |
PARENTNODEID |
|---|---|---|---|
1 |
Default.aspx |
Standard |
null (leere Zelle) |
2 |
Catalog.aspx |
Katalog |
1 |
3 |
Aboutus.aspx |
Verständigen Sie uns |
1 |
.gif "Hinweis") Hinweis: |
|---|
Weil die SQL-Syntax der Datenquellen variiert, ist die Ausführbarkeit der Befehle von der jeweiligen Datenquelle abhängig. Entsprechend sollten Sie einen Siteübersichtanbieter speziell für die verwendete Datenquelle erstellen, auch wenn Sie mit dem .NET Framework Data Provider für ODBC oder für OLEDB auf Ihre Datenquelle zugreifen, wie etwa einen SybaseSiteMapProvider, OracleSiteMapProvider usw. |
Die AccessSiteMapProvider-Klasse leitet sich ab von der StaticSiteMapProvider-Klasse und erhält ihre Informationen sowohl aus einer Access-Datenbank über einfache SQL-Abfragen als auch von OleDbCommand und OleDbDataReader-Objekten.
Wie das folgende Beispiel beschreibt, wird abschließend AccessSiteMapProvider als standardmäßiger Anbieter in der Datei Web.config eingetragen.
<configuration>
<system.web>
<siteMap defaultProvider="AccessSiteMapProvider">
<providers>
<add
name="AccessSiteMapProvider"
type="<type name>"
accessSiteMapConnectionString="PROVIDER=MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0;DATA SOURCE=<path>\sitemap.mdb "/>
</providers>
</siteMap>
</system.web>
</configuration>
Ersetzen Sie zum Anpassen dieses Beispiels <type name> mit dem vollqualifizierten Namen der Klasse, die den Datenanbieter der Siteübersicht implementiert. In obigem C#-Code müssten Sie z. B. <type name> durch Samples.AspNet.CS.Controls.AccessSiteMapProvider ersetzen. Wenn Sie den Code des Datenanbieters Ihrer Siteübersicht kompilieren und in das Verzeichnis Bin einfügen, muss die <type name>-Zeichenfolge auch den Namen der kompilierten Datei ohne Dateinamenerweiterung enthalten. Wenn Sie z. B. obigen C#-Code in eine Datei mit dem Namen Samples.AspNet.dll kompiliert haben, müssen Sie <type name> durch Samples.AspNet.CS.Controls.AccessSiteMapProvider.Samples.AspNet ersetzen. Ersetzen Sie schließlich <path> durch den absoluten physikalischen Pfad zur Siteübersichtsdatenbank.
| Hinweis: |
|---|
Wenn Sie von StaticSiteMapProvider erben, müssen folgende Member überschrieben werden: BuildSiteMap und GetRootNodeCore. |
Stabile Programmierung
Zur Erweiterung der StaticSiteMapProvider-Klasse gibt es drei Hauptmethoden. Diese sind GetRootNodeCore, Initialize und BuildSiteMap. Die Clear-Methode und die FindSiteMapNode-Methode haben standardmäßige Implementierungen, welche für die meisten Implementierungen von benutzerdefinierten Anbietern ausreichend sind.
Siehe auch
Konzepte
Übersicht über die ASP.NET-Sitenavigation
Sichern der ASP.NET-Sitenavigation