Postupy: Komunikace mezi lokálními procesy pomocí anonymních kanálů

Anonymní kanály nabízejí menší funčnost než pojmenované kanály, ale také vyžadují menší režii. Můžete použít anonymní kanály pro usnadnění meziprocesové komunikace v místním počítači. Anonymní kanály nelze použít pro komunikaci v síti.

Příklad

Následující příklad ukazuje způsob, jak odeslat řetězec z nadřazeného procesu podřízenému procesu pomocí anonymního kanálu. Tento příklad vytvoří objekt AnonymousPipeServerStream v nadřazeném procesu s hodnotou PipeDirection nastavenou na Out. Nadřazený proces poté vytvoří podřízený proces s použitím obslužné rutiny klienta pro vytvoření objektu AnonymousPipeClientStream. Podřízený proces má hodnotu PipeDirection nastavenu na In.

Nadřazený proces poté odešle řetězec zadaný uživatelem podřízenému procesu. Řetězec se zobrazí v konzole v podřízeném procesu.

Následující příklad ukazuje proces serveru.

Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.IO.Pipes
Imports System.Diagnostics

Class PipeServer
    Shared Sub Main()
        Dim pipeClient As New Process()

        pipeClient.StartInfo.FileName = "pipeClient.exe"

        Using pipeServer As New AnonymousPipeServerStream(PipeDirection.Out, _
            HandleInheritability.Inheritable)

            ' Show that anonymous pipes do not support Message mode.
            Try
                Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Setting ReadMode to ""Message"".")
                pipeServer.ReadMode = PipeTransmissionMode.Message
            Catch e As NotSupportedException
                Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Exception:\n    {0}", e.Message)
            End Try

            Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Current TransmissionMode: {0}.",
                pipeServer.TransmissionMode)

            ' Pass the client process a handle to the server.
            pipeClient.StartInfo.Arguments = pipeServer.GetClientHandleAsString()
            pipeClient.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false
            pipeClient.Start()

            pipeServer.DisposeLocalCopyOfClientHandle()

            Try
                ' Read user input and send that to the client process.
                Using sw As New StreamWriter(pipeServer)
                    sw.AutoFlush = true
                    ' Send a 'sync message' and wait for client to receive it.
                    sw.WriteLine("SYNC")
                    pipeServer.WaitForPipeDrain()
                    ' Send the console input to the client process.
                    Console.Write("[SERVER] Enter text: ")
                    sw.WriteLine(Console.ReadLine())
                End Using
            Catch e As IOException
                ' Catch the IOException that is raised if the pipe is broken
                ' or disconnected.
                Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Error: {0}", e.Message)
            End Try
        End Using

        pipeClient.WaitForExit()
        pipeClient.Close()
        Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Client quit. Server terminating.")
    End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Pipes;
using System.Diagnostics;

class PipeServer
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Process pipeClient = new Process();

        pipeClient.StartInfo.FileName = "pipeClient.exe";

        using (AnonymousPipeServerStream pipeServer =
            new AnonymousPipeServerStream(PipeDirection.Out,
            HandleInheritability.Inheritable))
        {
            // Show that anonymous pipes do not support Message mode.
            try
            {
                Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Setting ReadMode to \"Message\".");
                pipeServer.ReadMode = PipeTransmissionMode.Message;
            }
            catch (NotSupportedException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Exception:\n    {0}", e.Message);
            }

            Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Current TransmissionMode: {0}.",
                pipeServer.TransmissionMode);

            // Pass the client process a handle to the server.
            pipeClient.StartInfo.Arguments =
                pipeServer.GetClientHandleAsString();
            pipeClient.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            pipeClient.Start();

            pipeServer.DisposeLocalCopyOfClientHandle();

            try
            {
                // Read user input and send that to the client process.
                using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(pipeServer))
                {
                    sw.AutoFlush = true;
                    // Send a 'sync message' and wait for client to receive it.
                    sw.WriteLine("SYNC");
                    pipeServer.WaitForPipeDrain();
                    // Send the console input to the client process.
                    Console.Write("[SERVER] Enter text: ");
                    sw.WriteLine(Console.ReadLine());
                }
            }
            // Catch the IOException that is raised if the pipe is broken
            // or disconnected.
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Error: {0}", e.Message);
            }
        }

        pipeClient.WaitForExit();
        pipeClient.Close();
        Console.WriteLine("[SERVER] Client quit. Server terminating.");
    }
}

#using <System.dll>
#using <System.Core.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::IO::Pipes;
using namespace System::Diagnostics;

ref class PipeServer
{
public:
    static void Main()
    {
        Process^ pipeClient = gcnew Process();

        pipeClient->StartInfo->FileName = "pipeClient.exe";

        AnonymousPipeServerStream^ pipeServer =
            gcnew AnonymousPipeServerStream(PipeDirection::Out,
            HandleInheritability::Inheritable);
        // Show that anonymous pipes do not support Message mode.
        try
        {
            Console::WriteLine("[SERVER] Setting ReadMode to \"Message\".");
            pipeServer->ReadMode = PipeTransmissionMode::Message;
        }
        catch (NotSupportedException^ e)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("[SERVER] Exception:\n    {0}", e->Message);
        }

        Console::WriteLine("[SERVER] Current TransmissionMode: {0}.",
            pipeServer->TransmissionMode);

        // Pass the client process a handle to the server.
        pipeClient->StartInfo->Arguments =
            pipeServer->GetClientHandleAsString();
        pipeClient->StartInfo->UseShellExecute = false;
        pipeClient->Start();

        pipeServer->DisposeLocalCopyOfClientHandle();

        try
        {
            // Read user input and send that to the client process.
            StreamWriter^ sw = gcnew StreamWriter(pipeServer);

            sw->AutoFlush = true;
            // Send a 'sync message' and wait for client to receive it.
            sw->WriteLine("SYNC");
            pipeServer->WaitForPipeDrain();
            // Send the console input to the client process.
            Console::Write("[SERVER] Enter text: ");
            sw->WriteLine(Console::ReadLine());
            sw->Close();
        }
        // Catch the IOException that is raised if the pipe is broken
        // or disconnected.
        catch (IOException^ e)
        {
            Console::WriteLine("[SERVER] Error: {0}", e->Message);
        }
        pipeServer->Close();
        pipeClient->WaitForExit();
        pipeClient->Close();
        Console::WriteLine("[SERVER] Client quit. Server terminating.");
    }
};

int main()
{
    PipeServer::Main();
}

Následující příklad ukazuje proces klienta. Serverový proces spustí proces klienta a poskytne tomuto procesu obslužnou rutinu klienta. Výsledný spustitelný soubor z kódu klienta by měl být pojmenován pipeClient.exe a zkopírován do stejného adresáře jako spustitelný soubor serveru před spuštěním procesu serveru.

Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.IO.Pipes

Class PipeClient
    Shared Sub Main(args() as String)
        If args.Length > 0 Then
            Using pipeClient As New AnonymousPipeClientStream(PipeDirection.In, args(0))
                ' Show that anonymous Pipes do not support Message mode.
                Try
                    Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Setting ReadMode to ""Message"".")
                    pipeClient.ReadMode = PipeTransmissionMode.Message
                Catch e As NotSupportedException
                    Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Execption:" + vbNewLine + "    {0}", e.Message)
                End Try

                Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Current TransmissionMode: {0}.", _
                   pipeClient.TransmissionMode)

                Using sr As New StreamReader(pipeClient)
                    ' Display the read text to the console
                    Dim temp As String

                    ' Wait for 'sync message' from the server.
                    Do
                        Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Wait for sync...")
                        temp = sr.ReadLine()
                    Loop While temp.StartsWith("SYNC") = False

                    ' Read the server data and echo to the console.
                    temp = sr.ReadLine()
                    While Not temp = Nothing
                        Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Echo: " + temp)
                        temp = sr.ReadLine()
                    End While
                End Using
            End Using
        End If
        Console.Write("[CLIENT] Press Enter to continue...")
        Console.ReadLine()
    End Sub
End Class

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.IO.Pipes;

class PipeClient
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        if (args.Length > 0)
        {
            using (PipeStream pipeClient =
                new AnonymousPipeClientStream(PipeDirection.In, args[0]))
            {
                // Show that anonymous Pipes do not support Message mode.
                try
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Setting ReadMode to \"Message\".");
                    pipeClient.ReadMode = PipeTransmissionMode.Message;
                }
                catch (NotSupportedException e)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Execption:\n    {0}", e.Message);
                }

                Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Current TransmissionMode: {0}.",
                   pipeClient.TransmissionMode);

                using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(pipeClient))
                {
                    // Display the read text to the console
                    string temp;

                    // Wait for 'sync message' from the server.
                    do
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Wait for sync...");
                        temp = sr.ReadLine();
                    }
                    while (!temp.StartsWith("SYNC"));

                    // Read the server data and echo to the console.
                    while ((temp = sr.ReadLine()) != null)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("[CLIENT] Echo: " + temp);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        Console.Write("[CLIENT] Press Enter to continue...");
        Console.ReadLine();
    }
}

#using <System.Core.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::IO::Pipes;

ref class PipeClient
{
public:
    static void Main(array<String^>^ args)
    {
        if (args->Length > 1)
        {
            PipeStream^ pipeClient = gcnew AnonymousPipeClientStream(PipeDirection::In, args[1]);
            // Show that anonymous Pipes do not support Message mode.
            try
            {
                Console::WriteLine("[CLIENT] Setting ReadMode to \"Message\".");
                pipeClient->ReadMode = PipeTransmissionMode::Message;
            }
            catch (NotSupportedException^ e)
            {
                Console::WriteLine("[CLIENT] Execption:\n    {0}", e->Message);
            }

            Console::WriteLine("[CLIENT] Current TransmissionMode: {0}.",
                pipeClient->TransmissionMode);

            StreamReader^ sr = gcnew StreamReader(pipeClient);

            // Display the read text to the console
            String^ temp;

            // Wait for 'sync message' from the server.
            do
            {
                Console::WriteLine("[CLIENT] Wait for sync...");
                temp = sr->ReadLine();
            }
            while (!temp->StartsWith("SYNC"));

            // Read the server data and echo to the console.
            while ((temp = sr->ReadLine()) != nullptr)
            {
                Console::WriteLine("[CLIENT] Echo: " + temp);
            }
            sr->Close();
            pipeClient->Close();
        }
        Console::Write("[CLIENT] Press Enter to continue...");
        Console::ReadLine();
    }
};

int main()
{
    array<String^>^ args = Environment::GetCommandLineArgs();
    PipeClient::Main(args);
}

Viz také

Úkoly

Postupy: Použití pojmenovaných kanálů pro komunikaci mezi procesy v síti

Koncepty

Kanály