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WorkerRole Schema

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[This topic contains preliminary content for the current release of Microsoft Azure.]

The Azure worker role is a role that is useful for generalized development, and may perform background processing for a web role.

The default extension for the service definition file is .csdef.

Basic service definition schema for a worker role

The basic format of the service definition file containing a worker role is as follows.

<ServiceDefinition …>
  <WorkerRole name="<worker-role-name>" vmsize="<worker-role-size>" enableNativeCodeExecution="[true|false]">
    <Certificates>
      <Certificate name="<certificate-name>" storeLocation="[CurrentUser|LocalMachine] storeName="[My|Root|CA|Trust|Disallow|TrustedPeople|TrustedPublisher|AuthRoot|AddressBook|<custom-store>]” />
    </Certificates>
    <ConfigurationSettings>
      <Setting name="<setting-name>" />
    </ConfigurationSettings>
    <Endpoints>
      <InputEndpoint name="<input-endpoint-name>" protocol="[http|https|tcp|udp]" localPort="<local-port-number>" port="<port-number>" certificate="<certificate-name>" loadBalancerProbe=”<load-balancer-probe-name>” />
      <InternalEndpoint name="<internal-endpoint-name" protocol="[http|tcp|udp|any]" port="<port-number>">
         <FixedPort port="<port-number>"/>
         <FixedPortRange min="<minium-port-number>" max="<maximum-port-number>"/>
      </InternalEndpoint>
     <InstanceInputEndpoint name="<instance-input-endpoint-name>" localPort="<port-number>" protocol="[udp|tcp]">
         <AllocatePublicPortFrom>
            <FixedPortRange min="<minium-port-number>" max="<maximum-port-number>"/>
         </AllocatePublicPortFrom>
      </InstanceInputEndpoint>
    </Endpoints>
    <Imports>
      <Import moduleName="[RemoteAccess|RemoteForwarder|Diagnostics]"/>
    </Imports>
    <LocalResources>
      <LocalStorage name="<local-store-name>" cleanOnRoleRecycle="[true|false]" sizeInMB="<size-in-megabytes>" />
    </LocalResources>
    <LocalStorage name="<local-store-name>" cleanOnRoleRecycle="[true|false]" sizeInMB="<size-in-megabytes>" />
    <Runtime executionContext="[limited|elevated]">
      <Environment>
         <Variable name="<variable-name>" value="<variable-value>">
            <RoleInstanceValue xpath="<xpath-to-role-environment-settings>"/>
          </Variable>          
      </Environment>
      <EntryPoint>
         <NetFxEntryPoint assemblyName="<name-of-assembly-containing-entrypoint>" targetFrameworkVersion="<.net-framework-version>"/>
         <ProgramEntryPoint commandLine="<application>" setReadyOnProcessStart="[true|false]" "/>
      </EntryPoint>
    </Runtime>
    <Startup priority="<for-internal-use-only>”>
      <Task commandLine="" executionContext="[limited|elevated]" taskType="[simple|foreground|background]">
        <Environment>
         <Variable name="<variable-name>" value="<variable-value>">
            <RoleInstanceValue xpath="<xpath-to-role-environment-settings>"/>
          </Variable>          
        </Environment>
      </Task>
    </Startup>
    <Contents>
      <Content destination="<destination-folder-name>" >
        <SourceDirectory path="<local-source-directory>" />
      </Content>
    </Contents>
  </WorkerRole>
</ServiceDefinition>

Schema Elements

The service definition file includes these elements, described in detail in subsequent sections in this topic:

WorkerRole

ConfigurationSettings

Setting

LocalResources

LocalStorage

Endpoints

InputEndpoint

InternalEndpoint

InstanceInputEndpoint

AllocatePublicPortFrom

FixedPort

FixedPortRange

Certificates

Certificate

Imports

Import

Runtime

Environment

EntryPoint

NetFxEntryPoint

ProgramEntryPoint

Variable

RoleInstanceValue

Startup

Task

Contents

Content

SourceDirectory

WorkerRole

The WorkerRole element describes a role that is useful for generalized development, and may perform background processing for a web role. A service may contain zero or more worker roles.

The following table describes the attributes of the WorkerRole element.

Attribute

Type

Description

name

string

Required. The name for the worker role. The role's name must be unique.

enableNativeCodeExecution

boolean

Optional. The default value is true; native code execution and full trust are enabled by default. Set this attribute to false to disable native code execution for the worker role, and use Azure partial trust instead.

vmsize

string

Optional. Set this value to change the size of the virtual machine that is allotted to this role. The default value is Small. For a list of possible virtual machine sizes and their attributes, see Virtual Machine and Cloud Service Sizes for Azure.

ConfigurationSettings

The ConfigurationSettings element describes the collection of configuration settings for a worker role. This element is the parent of the Setting element.

Setting

The Setting element describes a name and value pair that specifies a configuration setting for an instance of a role.

The following table describes the attributes of the Setting element.

Attribute

Type

Description

name

string

Required. A unique name for the configuration setting.

The configuration settings for a role are name and value pairs that are declared in the service definition file and set in the service configuration file.

LocalResources

The LocalResources element describes the collection of local storage resources for a worker role. This element is the parent of the LocalStorage element.

LocalStorage

The LocalStorage element identifies a local storage resource that provides file system space for the service at runtime. A role may define zero or more local storage resources.

Note

The LocalStorage element can appear as a child of the WorkerRole element to support compatibility with earlier versions of the Azure SDK.

The following table describes the attributes of the LocalStorage element.

Attribute

Type

Description

name

string

Required. A unique name for the local store.

cleanOnRoleRecycle

boolean

Optional. Indicates whether the local store should be cleaned when the role is restarted. Default value is true.

sizeInMb

int

Optional. The desired amount of storage space to allocate for the local store, in MB. If not specified, the default storage space allocated is 100 MB. The minimum amount of storage space that may be allocated is 1 MB.

The maximum size of the local resources is dependent on the virtual machine size. For more information, see Virtual Machine and Cloud Service Sizes for Azure.

The name of the directory allocated to the local storage resource corresponds to the value provided for the name attribute. For more information on accessing a local storage resource from code running within a role instance, see Configure Local Storage Resources.

Endpoints

The Endpoints element describes the collection of input (external), internal, and instance input endpoints for a role. This element is the parent of the InputEndpoint, InternalEndpoint, and InstanceInputEndpoint elements.

Input and Internal endpoints are allocated separately. A service can have a total of 25 input, internal, and instance input endpoints which can be allocated across the 25 roles allowed in a service. For example, if have 5 roles you can allocate 5 input endpoints per role or you can allocate 25 input endpoints to a single role or you can allocate 1 input endpoint each to 25 roles.

Note

Each role deployed requires one instance per role. The default provisioning for a subscription is limited to 20 cores and thus is limited to 20 instances of a role. If your application requires more instances than is provided by the default provisioning see Billing, Subscription Management and Quota Support for more information on increasing your quota.

InputEndpoint

The InputEndpoint element describes an external endpoint to a worker role.

You can define multiple endpoints that are a combination of HTTP, HTTPS, UDP, and TCP endpoints. You can specify any port number you choose for an input endpoint, but the port numbers specified for each role in the service must be unique. For example, if you specify that a role uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS, you might then specify that a second role uses port 8080 for HTTP and port 8043 for HTTPS.

The following table describes the attributes of the InputEndpoint element.

Attribute

Type

Description

name

string

Required. A unique name for the external endpoint.

protocol

string

Required. The transport protocol for the external endpoint. For a worker role, possible values are HTTP, HTTPS, UDP, or TCP.

port

int

Required. The port for the external endpoint. You can specify any port number you choose, but the port numbers specified for each role in the service must be unique.

Possible values range between 1 and 65535, inclusive (Azure SDK version 1.7 or higher).

certificate

string

Required for an HTTPS endpoint. The name of a certificate defined by a Certificate element.

localPort

int

Optional. Specifies a port used for internal connections on the endpoint. The localPort attribute maps the external port on the endpoint to an internal port on a role. This is useful in scenarios where a role must communicate to an internal component on a port that different from the one that is exposed externally.

If not specified, the value of localPort is the same as the port attribute. Set the value of localPort to “*” to automatically assign an unallocated port that is discoverable using the runtime API.

Possible values range between 1 and 65535, inclusive (Azure SDK version 1.7 or higher).

The localPort attribute is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.3 or higher.

ignoreRoleInstanceStatus

boolean

Optional. When the value of this attribute is set to true, the status of a service is ignored and the endpoint will not be removed by the load balancer. Setting this value to true useful for debugging busy instances of a service. The default value is false.

Note

An endpoint can still receive traffic even when the role is not in a Ready state.

loadBalancerProbe

string

Optional. The name of the load balancer probe associated with the input endpoint. For more information, see LoadBalancerProbe Schema.

InternalEndpoint

The InternalEndpoint element describes an internal endpoint to a worker role. An internal endpoint is available only to other role instances running within the service; it is not available to clients outside the service. A worker role may have up to five HTTP, UDP, or TCP internal endpoints.

The following table describes the attributes of the InternalEndpoint element.

Attribute

Type

Description

name

string

Required. A unique name for the internal endpoint.

protocol

string

Required. The transport protocol for the internal endpoint. Possible values are HTTP, TCP, UDP, or ANY.

A value of ANY specifies that any protocol, any port is allowed.

port

int

Optional. The port used for internal load balanced connections on the endpoint. A Load balanced endpoint uses two ports. The port used for the public IP address, and the port used on the private IP address. Typically these are these are set to the same, but you can choose to use different ports.

Possible values range between 1 and 65535, inclusive (Azure SDK version 1.7 or higher).

The Port attribute is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.3 or higher.

InstanceInputEndpoint

The InstanceInputEndpoint element describes an instance input endpoint to a worker role. An instance input endpoint is associated with a specific role instance by using port forwarding in the load balancer. Each instance input endpoint is mapped to a specific port from a range of possible ports. This element is the parent of the AllocatePublicPortFrom element.

The InstanceInputEndpoint element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.7 or higher.

The following table describes the attributes of the InstanceInputEndpoint element.

Attribute

Type

Description

name

string

Required. A unique name for the endpoint.

localPort

int

Required. Specifies the internal port that all role instances will listen to in order to receive incoming traffic forwarded from the load balancer. Possible values range between 1 and 65535, inclusive.

protocol

string

Required. The transport protocol for the internal endpoint. Possible values are udp or tcp. Use tcp for http/https based traffic.

AllocatePublicPortFrom

The AllocatePublicPortFrom element describes the public port range that can be used by external customers to access each instance input endpoint. The public (VIP) port number is allocated from this range and assigned to each individual role instance endpoint during tenant deployment and update. This element is the parent of the FixedPortRange element.

The AllocatePublicPortFrom element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.7 or higher.

FixedPort

The FixedPort element specifies the port for the internal endpoint, which enables load balanced connections on the endpoint.

The FixedPort element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.3 or higher.

The following table describes the attributes of the FixedPort element.

Attribute

Type

Description

port

int

Required. The port for the internal endpoint. This has the same effect as setting the FixedPortRange min and max to the same port.

Possible values range between 1 and 65535, inclusive (Azure SDK version 1.7 or higher).

FixedPortRange

The FixedPortRange element specifies the range of ports that are assigned to the internal endpoint or instance input endpoint, and sets the port used for load balanced connections on the endpoint.

Note

The FixedPortRange element works differently depending on the element in which it resides. When the FixedPortRange element is in the InternalEndpoint element, it opens all ports on the load balancer within the range of the min and max attributes for all virtual machines on which the role runs. When the FixedPortRange element is in the InstanceInputEndpoint element, it opens only one port within the range of the min and max attributes on each virtual machine running the role.

The FixedPortRange element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.3 or higher.

The following table describes the attributes of the FixedPortRange element.

Attribute

Type

Description

min

int

Required. The minimum port in the range. Possible values range between 1 and 65535, inclusive (Azure SDK version 1.7 or higher).

max

string

Required. The maximum port in the range. Possible values range between 1 and 65535, inclusive (Azure SDK version 1.7 or higher).

Certificates

The Certificates element describes the collection of certificates for a worker role. This element is the parent of the Certificate element. A role may have any number of associated certificates. For more information on using the certificates element, see Associate a Certificate with a Service.

Certificate

The Certificate element describes a certificate that is associated with a worker role.

The following table describes the attributes of the Certificate element.

Attribute

Type

Description

name

string

Required. A name for this certificate, which is used to refer to it when it is associated with an HTTPS InputEndpoint element.

storeLocation

string

Required. The location of the certificate store where this certificate may be found on the local machine. Possible values are CurrentUser and LocalMachine.

storeName

string

Required. The name of the certificate store where this certificate resides on the local machine. Possible values include the built-in store names My, Root, CA, Trust, Disallowed, TrustedPeople, TrustedPublisher, AuthRoot, AddressBook, or any custom store name. If a custom store name is specified, the store is automatically created.

permissionLevel

string

Optional. Specifies the access permissions given to the role processes. If you want only elevated processes to be able to access the private key, then specify elevated permission. limitedOrElevated permission allows all role processes to access the private key. Possible values are limitedOrElevated or elevated. The default value is limitedOrElevated.

Imports

The Imports element describes a collection of import modules for a worker role that add components to the guest operating system. This element is the parent of the Import element. This element is optional and a role can have only one runtime block.

The Imports element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.3 or higher.

Import

The Import element specifies a module to add to the guest operating system.

The Import element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.3 or higher.

The following table describes the attributes of the Import element.

Attribute

Type

Description

moduleName

string

Required. The name of the module to import. Valid import modules are:

  • RemoteAccess

  • RemoteForwarder

  • Diagnostics

The RemoteAccess and RemoteForwarder modules allow you to configure your role instance for remote desktop connections. For more information see Set Up a Remote Desktop Connection for a Role in Azure.

The Diagnostics module allows you to collect diagnostic data for a role instance

Runtime

The Runtime element describes a collection of environment variable settings for a worker role that control the runtime environment of the Azure host process. This element is the parent of the Environment element. This element is optional and a role can have only one runtime block.

The Runtime element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.3 or higher.

The following table describes the attributes of the Runtime element:

Attribute

Type

Description

executionContext

string

Optional. Specifies the context in which the Role Process is launched. The default context is limited.

  • limited – The process is launched without Administrator privileges.

  • elevated – The process is launched with Administrator privileges.

Environment

The Environment element describes a collection of environment variable settings for a worker role. This element is the parent of the Variable element. A role may have any number of environment variables set.

Variable

The Variable element specifies an environment variable to set in the guest operating.

The Variable element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.3 or higher.

The following table describes the attributes of the Variable element:

Attribute

Type

Description

name

string

Required. The name of the environment variable to set.

value

string

Optional. The value to set for the environment variable. You must include either a value attribute or a RoleInstanceValue element.

RoleInstanceValue

The RoleInstanceValue element specifies the xPath from which to retrieve the value of the variable.

The following table describes the attributes of the RoleInstanceValue element.

Attribute

Type

Description

xpath

string

Optional. Location path of deployment settings for the instance. For more information, see xPath Values in Azure.

You must include either a value attribute or a RoleInstanceValue element.

EntryPoint

The EntryPoint element specifies the entry point for a role. This element is the parent of the NetFxEntryPoint elements. These elements allow you to specify an application other than the default WaWorkerHost.exe to act as the role entry point.

The EntryPoint element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.5 or higher.

NetFxEntryPoint

The NetFxEntryPoint element specifies the program to run for a role.

Note

The NetFxEntryPoint element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.5 or higher.

The following table describes the attributes of the NetFxEntryPoint element.

Attribute

Type

Description

assemblyName

string

Required. The path and file name of the assembly containing the entry point. The path is relative to the folder \%ROLEROOT%\Approot (do not specify \%ROLEROOT%\Approot in commandLine, it is assumed). %ROLEROOT% is an environment variable maintained by Azure and it represents the root folder location for your role. The \%ROLEROOT%\Approot folder represents the application folder for your role.

targetFrameworkVersion

string

Required. The version of the .NET framework on which the assembly was built. For example, targetFrameworkVersion="v4.0".

ProgramEntryPoint

The ProgramEntryPoint element specifies the program to run for a role. The ProgramEntryPoint element allows you to specify a program entry point that is not based on a .NET assembly.

Note

The ProgramEntryPoint element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.5 or higher.

The following table describes the attributes of the ProgramEntryPoint element.

Attribute

Type

Description

commandLine

string

Required. The path, file name, and any command line arguments of the program to execute. The path is relative to the folder %ROLEROOT%\Approot (do not specify %ROLEROOT%\Approot in commandLine, it is assumed). %ROLEROOT% is an environment variable maintained by Azure and it represents the root folder location for your role. The %ROLEROOT%\Approot folder represents the application folder for your role.

If the program ends, the role is recycled, so generally set the program to continue to run, instead of being a program that just starts up and runs a finite task.

setReadyOnProcessStart

boolean

Required. Specifies whether the role instance waits for the command line program to signal it is started. This value must be set to true at this time. Setting the value to false is reserved for future use.

Startup

The Startup element describes a collection of tasks that run when the role is started. This element can be the parent of the Variable element. For more information about using the role startup tasks, see Configure IIS Components in Azure. This element is optional and a role can have only one startup block.

The following table describes the attribute of the Startup element.

Attribute

Type

Description

priority

int

For internal use only.

Task

The Task element specifies startup task that takes place when the role starts. Startup tasks can be used to perform tasks that prepare the role to run such install software components or run other applications. Tasks execute in the order in which they appear within the Startup element block.

The Task element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.3 or higher.

The following table describes the attributes of the Task element.

Attribute

Type

Description

commandLine

string

Required. A script, such as a CMD file, containing the commands to run. Startup command and batch files must be saved in ANSI format. File formats that set a byte-order marker at the start of the file will not process properly.

executionContext

string

Specifies the context in which the script is run.

  • limited [Default] – Run with the same privileges as the role hosting the process.

  • elevated – Run with administrator privileges.

taskType

string

Specifies the execution behavior of the command.

  • simple [Default] – System waits for the task to exit before any other tasks are launched.

  • background – System does not wait for the task to exit.

  • foreground – Similar to background, except role is not restarted until all foreground tasks exit.

Contents

The Contents element describes the collection of content for a worker role. This element is the parent of the Content element.

The Contents element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.5 or higher.

Content

The Content element defines the source location of content to be copied to the Azure virtual machine and the destination path to which it is copied.

The Content element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.5 or higher.

The following table describes the attributes of the Content element.

Attribute

Type

Description

destination

string

Required. Location on the Azure virtual machine to which the content is placed. This location is relative to the folder %ROLEROOT%\Approot.

This element is the parent element of the SourceDirectory element.

SourceDirectory

The SourceDirectory element defines the local directory from which content is copied. Use this element to specify the local contents to copy to the Azure virtual machine.

The SourceDirectory element is only available using the Azure SDK version 1.5 or higher.

The following table describes the attributes of the SourceDirectory element.

Attribute

Type

Description

path

string

Required. Relative or absolute path of a local directory whose contents will be copied to the Azure virtual machine. Expansion of environment variables in the directory path is supported.

See Also

Schema Reference